石墨烯在不锈钢材料应用中的减摩和耐磨特性研究进展  

Research Progress in Friction Reduction and Wear Resistance of Graphene in Stainless Steel Applications

作　　者：郭万民 白清顺[1] 窦昱昊 郭永博[1] 杜云龙 GUO Wan-min;BAI Qing-shun;DOU Yu-hao;GUO Yong-bo;DU Yun-long(School of Mechatronics Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学机电工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《表面技术》2021年第4期43-55,共13页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51775146,51535003,52075129)。

摘　　要：材料间的摩擦和磨损会产生能源和经济上的损耗,高强度的石墨烯为提高材料的减摩和耐磨特性提供了新的途径。不锈钢材料已经在工业领域获得广泛的应用,根据石墨烯和不锈钢材料的结合方式分类,总结了国内外关于石墨烯应用于不锈钢材料减摩降损的研究进展,从不锈钢材料的加工到应用,揭示了石墨烯降低不锈钢摩擦因数的规律。石墨烯纳米颗粒作为切削液添加剂,可以极大降低不锈钢和刀具摩擦界面的摩擦因数,从而提高不锈钢工件表面加工质量。先制备后转移仍是当前石墨烯应用于不锈钢表面的主要方式,石墨烯以固体润滑剂的形式作用于摩擦界面,不锈钢表面的磨损率可以实现下降。激光熔化增材制造技术的不断发展,为石墨烯增强不锈钢复合材料提供有效途径,极大地推动该材料的工程应用进程,也为石墨烯降低不锈钢材料的摩擦磨损提供了新的研究方向。最后,通过对石墨烯降低不锈钢材料摩擦磨损的研究总结,指出了当前研究存在的部分问题并提出了解决措施,展望了该方向的应用前景。Friction and wear of stainless-steel materials is a great waste of economy and energy.Graphene with high strength provides a new way,to improve the wear resistance of stainless-steel materials.The combination of the two materials is of great significance to the industrial field.According to the combination mode of graphene and stainless-steel materials,the research progress on the application of graphene in the friction and wear of stainless-steel materials was summarized.From the processing to the application of stainless-steel materials,the law of graphene reducing the friction coefficient of stainless steel was revealed.As a cutting fluid additive,graphene nanoparticles can greatly reduce the friction coefficient of the friction interface between stainless steel and the tool,thus improving the surface quality of stainless-steel workpiece.Preparation followed by transfer is still the main way for graphene to be applied to stainless steel surface.Graphene acts on the friction interface in the form of solid lubricant,and the wear rate of stainless-steel surface can be reduced by an order of magnitude.The continuous development of laser melting additive manufacturing technology provides an effective way for graphene reinforced stainless steel composites,greatly promotes the process of engineering application of the material,and provides a new research direction for graphene to reduce the friction and wear of stainless-steel materials.Finally,through the research on the reduction of friction and wear of stainless-steel materials by graphene,some problems existing in the current research are pointed out and possible solutions are proposed,and the application prospect of this direction is prospected.

关 键 词：石墨烯 不锈钢 摩擦磨损 机械性能 激光熔化增材制造 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]