北斗混合星座分层约束下的精密定轨方法  

Precise orbit determination method for BeiDou mixed constellations with layered constraints

作　　者：房亚男 朱俊 李杰[1,2] 王冲 王家松 张少愚 FANG Yanan;ZHU Jun;LI Jie;WANG Chong;WANG Jiasong;ZHANG Shaoyu(State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics, Xi’an 710043, China;Xi’an Satellite Control Center, Xi’an 710043, China)

机构地区：[1]宇航动力学国家重点实验室,陕西西安710043 [2]西安卫星测控中心,陕西西安710043

出　　处：《测绘学报》2021年第4期466-474,共9页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42074025)。

摘　　要：针对北斗导航卫星系统首创的GEO+IGSO+MEO混合星座设计,本文研究了根据不同星座,采取不同约束条件和数据处理策略的北斗卫星精密定轨方法,提出了一种针对北斗系统混合星座的分层约束精密定轨方案。该方案首先将北斗卫星分为非GEO(IGSO/MEO)和GEO两部分进行解算,利用GPS解算的公共参数对北斗IGSO/MEO精密定轨形成有效约束,然后固定GPS和北斗IGSO/MEO解算结果,最后单独对北斗GEO卫星进行强约束下的轨道解算。利用实测数据进行了精密定轨试验,试验结果表明:采用本文提出的方法,北斗GEO卫星和非GEO卫星三维重叠弧段轨道精度分别为0.688 m和0.042 m,比传统方法分别提高了54.2%和72.4%。另外,采用激光测距检核和测站坐标静态精密单点定位的方法对轨道精度进行了验证,激光检核精度提高了44.3%,测站坐标在水平和高程方向上精度分别平均提升了21.5%和20.7%。Considering the unique GEO+IGSO+MEO constellation design of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS),a method for BeiDou satellite precise orbit determination that adopts different constraints and data processing strategies for different constellations is studied.And a precise orbit determination scheme with layered constraints for BeiDou mixed constellation is proposed.BeiDou satellites are divided into two parts,non-GEO(IGSO/MEO)and GEO,to be solved step by step.The public parameters calculated by GPS are used to form effective constraints on BeiDou IGSO/MEO precise orbit determination.Then the GPS and BeiDou IGSO/MEO calculation results are fixed,and BeiDou GEO satellites orbit determination is performed under strong constraints.The results of precise orbit determination tests based on real observation data show that,using the method proposed in this paper,the 3D position RMS(root mean square)of overlapping orbit differences of the BeiDou GEO satellites and non-GEO satellites reach 0.688 m and 0.042 m,yielding an improvement of 54.2%and 72.4%compared to that of using the traditional method.In addition,the satellite laser ranging(SLR)validation and static precise point positioning(PPP)of station coordinates results are analyzed to verify the orbit accuracy.The SLR validation accuracy increased by 44.3%,and the accuracy of station coordinates in horizontal and vertical directions increased by 21.5%and 20.7%on average,respectively.

关 键 词：精密轨道确定 混合星座 分层约束 激光检核 精密单点定位 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]