2020珠峰测量与高程确定  

2020 height measurement and determination of Mount Qomolangma

作　　者：党亚民[1] 郭春喜 蒋涛[1] 张庆涛 陈斌[4] 蒋光伟 DANG Yamin;GUO Chunxi;JIANG Tao;ZHANG Qingtao;CHEN Bin;JIANG Guangwei(Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100830, China;Geodetic Data Processing Centre of Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi’an 710054, China;The First Geodetic Surveying Brigade of Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi’an 710054, China;China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China)

机构地区：[1]中国测绘科学研究院,北京100830 [2]自然资源部大地测量数据处理中心,陕西西安710054 [3]自然资源部第一大地测量队,陕西西安710054 [4]中国地质调查局自然资源航空物探遥感中心,北京100083

出　　处：《测绘学报》2021年第4期556-561,共6页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41974010,42074020)。

摘　　要：为实现中国和尼泊尔共同宣布珠峰高程,我国于2019—2020年开展了珠峰高程测量工作,并于2020年5月27日完成峰顶测量。首次在珠峰北侧区域实施航空重力测量、开展峰顶地面重力测量,首次联合航空和地面重力等数据确定了基于国际高程参考系统(international height reference system,IHRS)的珠峰区域重力似大地水准面模型和峰顶大地水准面差距。此次珠峰测量,各种先进测量装备尤其是国产测量仪器全面担纲,通过多种技术手段相互验证和严密检核计算,确保了珠峰高程测量成果的精度和可靠性。最后,中尼双方合作开展数据处理,共同确定珠峰峰顶雪面正高(海拔高)为8848.86 m。In order to achieve the goal that China and Nepal jointly announce the height of Mount Qomolangma,China has carried out the height measurement campaign of Mount Qomolangma from 2019 to 2020,and completed the summit survey on May 27,2020.For the first time,airborne gravity survey was conducted in the north region of Mount Qomolangma and ground gravity data at the summit was collected,and the local gravimetric quasigeoid model and the geoid undulation of the summit in the International Height Reference System(IHRS)were determined.A variety of advanced measuring equipment,especially domestic measuring instruments played a full and active role in 2020 campaign.By means of the cross validations between multiple geodetic techniques and the strict checking computations,the accuracy and reliability of the results of 2020 campaign were ensured.Finally,China and Nepal collaborated on the data processing and jointly determined that the orthometric height(altitude)of the snow surface of the summit of Mount Qomolangma is 8848.86 m.

关 键 词：珠峰高程测量 GNSS 航空重力 大地水准面 国际高程参考系统 

分 类 号：P223[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]