控释氮肥比例对橡胶苗生长和养分吸收的影响  

Effects of the Mixed Ratio of Controlled Nitrogen in the Control-Released Urea on the Growth and Nutrient Absorption of Rubber Tree Seedlings

作　　者：刘海林[1] 杨凯[1] 杨红竹[1] 林清火[1] 茶正早[1] 罗微[1] LIU Hailin;YANG Kai;YANG Hongzhu;LIN Qinghuo;CHA Zhengzao;LUO Wei(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Soil and Fertilizer Research Center,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所/农业农村部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/中国热带农业科学院土壤肥料研究中心,海南海口571101

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2021年第3期1-6,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2018YFD020110);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(No.CARS-33)。

摘　　要：采用橡胶苗盆栽试验,控释氮量占总施氮比例设为0、25%、50%、75%,分析各处理橡胶苗的株高、茎粗以及养分吸收量,以期确定控释尿素与普通尿素配施最佳比例,为控释尿素在橡胶树栽培中合理施用提供科学依据。结果表明:随着控氮比例从0增加至75%,橡胶苗株高、茎粗、总生物量、氮吸收量和钾吸收量均表现为先减后增趋势,其中控氮75%处理橡胶苗株高、茎粗、总生物量、氮吸收量和钾吸收量均显著大于其它处理,分别为154.00 cm、18.08 mm、146.63 g/株、1 224.28 mg/株、1 316.96 mg/株;橡胶苗磷吸收量随着控氮比例增加逐渐增大,控氮75%处理橡胶苗磷吸收量为188.37 mg/株,但与控氮50%处理差异不显著。在本研究条件下,控释尿素与普通尿素掺混一次性施肥时控氮比例75%最有利于橡胶苗生长及养分吸收。In order to provide a scientific basis for the reasonable application of controlled-release urea in rubber tree cultivation,the optimal mixed ratios of control-released urea and common urea could be determined in experiments.The pot culture experiment was conducted to measure plant height,stem thickness and nutrient absorption of rubber tree seedling with different mixed ratios of controlled nitrogen(0,25%,50%,75%).As the mixed ratios of controlled nitrogen increased from 0 to 75%,the plant,stem thickness,total biomass,nitrogen absorption and potassium absorption of rubber tree seedlings are firstly increased and then decreased.The plant height,stem thickness,total biomass,nitrogen absorption and potassium absorption are significantly greater than the other treatments when the ratio of the controlled nitrogen is 75%,which are 154.00 cm,18.08 mm,146.63 g/plant,1224.28 mg/plant,and 1316.96 mg/plant,respectively.The phosphorus absorption of rubber tree seedlings gradually increased with the increasing of the mixed ratios of controlled nitrogent.The phosphorus absorption of rubber tree seedlings is 188.37 mg/plant in the treatment with 75%controlled nitrogen,but it is not significantly different from that in the treatment with 50%controlled nitrogen.A once-for-all application of the common urea and the control-released urea with 75%controlled nitrogen is the most beneficial to the growth and nutrient absorption of rubber tree seedlings under potted culture.

关 键 词：控释尿素 橡胶苗 生长 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S14-31[农业科学—肥料学]