2011-2019年广州市南沙区婚检情况及干预策略分析  

Analysis on premarital medical examination status and intervention strategies in Guangzhou Nansha District from 2011 to 2019

作　　者：黄海英 盘宗敏 林元 刘建安[3] HUANG Hai-Ying;PAN Zong-Min;LIN Yuan(Department of Maternal Health Care,Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Nansha District,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511462,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市南沙区妇幼保健院妇保科,广东广州511462 [2]广州市南沙区妇幼保健院检验科,广东广州511462 [3]中山大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2021年第7期1654-1656,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的回顾性分析2011-2019年广州南沙区婚检情况及影响因素,分析切实可行的提高婚检率的干预策略。方法采用全国妇幼卫生年报的《婚前保健情况报表》,统计分析2011-2019年广州南沙区婚检相关数据(2019年者为当年前三季度),使用自制问卷,探讨影响婚检的诸多因素,统计方法涉及χ^(2)检验和Logistic回归分析。结果2013年之前婚检率>26%,2014-2017年婚检率(2.69%~4.16%)显著下降,2018-2019年婚检率(9.65%~17.27%)明显回升(P<0.05);2017年-2019年婚检疾病检出率(20.77%~27.29%)较2016年之前(8.40%~14.02%)有所上升(P<0.05),2017年以后,遗传病检出显著增加,检出疾病依次为生殖系统疾病,指定传染病和严重遗传病;以阴道炎、宫颈炎,包皮过长、精索静脉曲张Ⅱ~Ⅲ,乙型肝炎和地中海贫血携带为主;Logistic分析表明:查出病危害婚姻,暴露隱私,婚检质量不佳是不愿婚检的危险因素,优生优育知识和医院医疗水平则是婚检的保护因素。结论广州南沙区婚检率其回升持续低迷,其原因涉及多方面,探讨切实可行的干预策略,提高婚检率,提高出生人口素质,势在必行。Objective To retrospectively analyze premarital medical examination status and influencing factors in Guangzhou Nansha District from 2011 to 2019,analyze feasible intervention strategies to improve premarital medical examination rate.Methods Premarital health care report from National Annual Report on Maternal and Child Health was used to statistically analyze the related data of premarital medical examination in Guangzhou Nansha District from 2011 to 2019,a self-designed questionnaire was used to explore the influencing factors of premarital medical examination,the statistical methods includedχ^(2)test and Logistic regression analysis.Results Before 2013,premarital medical examination rate was higher than 26%,from 2014 to 2017,premarital medical examination rate decreased significantly(2.69%-4.16%),then premarital medical examination rate increased significantly from 2018 to 2019(9.65%-17.27%)(P<0.05).Premarital medical examination rate from 2017 to 2019(20.77%-27.29%)was statistically significantly higher than that before 2016(8.40%-14.02%)(P<0.05).After 2017,the detection rate of genetic diseases increased significantly,the detected diseases included reproductive system diseases,infectious disease of premarital medical examination,and severe genetic diseases,the main diseases were vaginitis,cervicitis,redundant prepuce,varicoceleⅡ-Ⅲ,hepatitis B,and thalassemia carrier.Logistic analysis showed that harming marriage,revealing privacy,and low quality of premarital medical examination were risk factors of premarital medical examination;eugenic knowledge and medical level of hospitals were protective factors of premarital medical examination.Conclusion Premarital medical examination rate in Guangzhou Nansha District is low,the causes are complicated,it is necessary to explore feasible intervention strategies,improve premarital medical examination rate and quality of birth population.

关 键 词：婚前医学检查 疾病检出率 影响因素 干预 

分 类 号：R169.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]