西藏四个不同海拔地区世居藏族居民体质指数现况分析  

Investigation on Body Mass Index of Tibetan Residents Living at Four Different Altitudes in Tibet

作　　者：次仁卓玛[1] 张浩天[1] 玉珍[2] 吴天一 边巴 Ciren-Zhuoma;ZHANG Haotian;Yuzhen;WU Tianyi;Bianba(High Altitude Medical Research Centre of Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;Medical College,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;National Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine,High Altitude Medical Research Institute,Xining 810012,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学高原医学研究中心,西藏拉萨850000 [2]西藏大学医学院,西藏拉萨850000 [3]青海省高原医学科学研究院,青海西宁810012

出　　处：《高原科学研究》2021年第1期76-81,共6页Plateau Science Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660306);西藏大学医学院配套二级经费研究生“高水平人才培养计划项目”(2019YXYYJS004)。

摘　　要：目的:调查体质指数(BMI)在西藏不同海拔的分布情况,进一步分析超重肥胖的检出率及BMI随海拔的变化趋势。方法:随机选取西藏自治区昌都市芒康县纳西乡(2 516 m)、昌都市八宿县郭庆乡(4 500 m)、拉萨市(3 660 m)、山南市浪卡子县普玛江塘乡(5 018 m)世居藏族居民共872人为研究对象,测量身高、体重,同时填写调查问卷。结果:以海拔4 500 m为参照,与2 516 m和3 660 m海拔人群的BMI之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与海拔5 018 m人群BMI之间具有显著的统计学差异(P<0.001)。BMI随海拔的升高而降低,且在海拔4 500 m处显著降低。超重和肥胖的检出率在海拔5 018 m最低,为21.3%,在其他3个海拔地区分别为50.4%、56.2%和46.9%。结论:世居藏族人群的BMI受海拔影响,海拔超过4 500 mBMI呈现显著下降趋势。Objective The present study aimed to investigate the distribution of body mass index(BMI) at different altitudes in Tibet, and to further analyze the detection rate of overweight and obesity as well as the trend of BMI with altitude. Methods A total of 872 native Tibetan residents from Naxi(2 516 m), Mangkang County and Guoqing(4 500 m), Basu County Chamdo City, Lhasa City(3 658 m), as well as Puma Jiangtang, Langkazi County, Shannan City(5 018 m), were selected randomly. Height and weight were measured, and questionnaires were completed. Results Taking the altitude of 4500 m as the reference, there was no difference of BMI compared with the population at 2 516 m and 3 660 m(P>0.05), whereas there was a significant difference in BMI with the population from an altitude of 5 018 m(P<0.001). Besides, BMI decreased with the rising of elevation and it markedly reduced at 4 500 m above sea level. The lowest detection rate of overweight and obesity occurred at 5 018 m,accounted for 21.3%, while the other three altitudes were 50.4%, 56.2%, and 46.9%, respectively. Conclusions The BMI of the native Tibetan population was affected by altitude,what′s more, the BMI shows a significant downward trend when the altitude is higher than 4 500 meters above sea level.

关 键 词：海拔 藏族 世居居民 BMI 

分 类 号：R339.5[医药卫生—人体生理学]