黄土坡面径流侵蚀泥沙的空间动态及其尺度关系  

Spatial variation and scale relationships in runoff erosion on loess slope

作　　者：张乐涛 董俊武 张晨 张肖肖 ZHANG Le-tao;DONG Jun-wu;ZHANG Chen;ZHANG Xiao-xiao(National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning,College of Environment and Planning,Henan Universityt Kaifeng 475004,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学环境与规划学院环境与规划国家级实验教学示范中心,河南开封475004

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2021年第1期42-49,共8页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41807066,41330858,51309093);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501706-02);河南大学一流学科创新团队培育项目(2018YLTD16)。

摘　　要：为认识近自然非治理状态下坡面系统径流侵蚀输沙的空间变化及其尺度关系,以黄土高原丘陵沟壑区团山沟集水区为例,筛选28次全坡面径流侵蚀产沙事件,选取或构建8类径流参量,建立了基于事件的尺度间的水沙关系,对径流泥沙动态进行量化描述。研究结果表明,输沙模数、平均及最大含沙量均在全坡面尺度达到最大值,变异系数则达到最小值。坡面土壤侵蚀防治应重点控制侵蚀能量的增长,改善侵蚀泥沙的输移条件,实现坡面系统的低输出平衡。To study the spatial variation and scale relationship of runoff erosion from unmanaged loess slope systems,Tuanshangou catchment was selected to conduct the statistical analysis of runoff-and sediment. 28 continuous runoff erosion events were established in different erosion zones,and 8 runoff-related dynamic parameters were used to establish event-based runoff-sediment relationships across different plot scales. The results showed that,area-specific sediment yield,event-based average and maximum sediment concentration reached the maxima and their variation coefficients approached the minima at entire slope scale. Therefore,soil erosion prevention should be aimed at the control of erosive energy. In that way,low equilibrium of sediment export from slope systems can be achieved by improvement of transport environments for eroded sediments.

关 键 词：坡面系统 全坡面事件 侵蚀泥沙 空间变化 尺度关系 水沙关系 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]