客体论到主体论的转向--新时期“文学是人学”命题论争及其反思  

The Turn from Object Theory to Subject Theory--Debate and Reflection on the Proposition of“Literature is Human Science”in the New Era

作　　者：刘皇俊 LIU Huangjun(Liberal Arts College of Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学文学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《福建商学院学报》2021年第1期71-76,共6页Journal of Fujian Business University

摘　　要：二十世纪七十年代末,新启蒙主义与国家政治经济体制改革共同登上了历史舞台。它们高扬思想解放的旗帜,一扫“左”的沉闷,在中国社会各领域重建起相对的自主性和主体自由。“文学是人学”命题在这一时代背景下重获新生,理论家们纷纷著文,从马克思主义哲学、文艺学、美学等角度论证“人性”之于文学的合法性。从根本上看,新时期的“文学是人学”命题是五十年代“人学”论争的余绪,是新启蒙思想和政治文化“祛魅”之下的产物,是理论家批判“阶级论”“工具论”的强大武器,更是中国现代文学理论从客体论转向主体论的开始。At the end of 1970s,the new enlightenment and the reform of national political and economic system came to the stage of history.They hold high the banner of ideological emancipation,sweep away the“left”boredom,and rebuild relative autonomy and subjective freedom in all fields of Chinese society.Under the background of this era,the proposition of“literature is the study of human beings”is reborn.Theorists have written many articles to demonstrate the legitimacy of“human nature”to literature from the perspectives of Marxist philosophy,literature and art,aesthetics and so on.Fundamentally,the proposition of“literature is the study of human”in the new era is the afterthought of the debate of“the study of human”in the 1950s;it is the product of the disenchantment of the new enlightenment thought and political culture;it is a powerful weapon for literary theorists to criticize“class theory”and“tool theory”;it is also the beginning of the transformation of modern Chinese literary theory from object theory to subject theory.

关 键 词：新时期 “文学是人学”命题 论争 反思 

分 类 号：I209[文学—中国文学]