控释复合肥及施用方式对苹果幼树生长和土壤养分的影响  

Effects of controlled release compound fertilizer and its application methods on the growth of young apple trees and soil nutrients

作　　者：李俊银 刘艳[1] 唐亚福 马荣辉 绍俊飞 徐婷 黄颂军 杨越超[1] 姜远茂[4] 程冬冬[1] LI Junyin;LIU Yan;TANG Yafu;MA Ronghui;SHAO Junfei;XU Ting;HUANG Songjun;YANG Yuechao;JIANG Yuanmao;CHENG Dongdong(Nation Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China;Shandong Provincial Soil and Fertilizer General Station, Jinan 250100,China;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Wendeng District, Weihai 264400,China;College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院·土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省土壤肥料总站,山东济南250100 [3]威海文登区农业农村局,山东威海264400 [4]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2021年第2期338-346,371,共10页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0201105);国家自然基金项目(41807087,41907004,42077091)。

摘　　要：为实现肥料减施,采用连续2 a的盆栽试验探究了控释复合肥和普通复合肥在苹果幼树上的施用方法。试验共设置7个处理:3月份一次性施控释复合肥C6(M-C6)、10月份一次性施控释复合肥C6(O-C6)、3月份一次性施用50%的3个月和50%的6个月控释期的控释复合肥(M-(50C3+50C6))、3月份一次性施用70%的3个月和30%的6个月控释期的控释复合肥(M-(70C3+30C6))、3月份一次性施用普通复合肥(M-CCF)、分次施用普通复合肥(CT)、不施肥(CT)。结果表明,采用3个月和6个月释放期的控释复合肥掺混可以有效促进苹果幼树对养分的吸收和利用,并有利于改善土壤养分状况,其中M-(70C3+30C6)处理可提高氮、钾的养分利用效率,分别达38.09%和30.22%;M-(50C3+50C6)处理明显提高磷的利用效率,达21.88%。In order to achieve the goal of reducing fertilizer application,this article explored the application methods of controlled-release compound fertilizer and ordinary compound fertilizer on young apple trees through a pot experiment for two consecutive years.A total of 7 treatments were set up in the experiment:one-time application of controlled-release compound fertilizer C6(M-C6)in March,one-time application of controlled-release compound fertilizer C6(O-C6)in October,and one-time application of 3 months and 6 months in March Monthly controlled release period of 50%controlled release compound fertilizer in March(M-(50C3+50C6)),one-time application of 70%for 3 months and 30%for 6 month controlled release period of controlled release compound fertilizer in March(M-(70C3+30C6)),one-time application of ordinary compound fertilizer in March(M-CCF),divided application of ordinary compound fertilizer(CT),and no fertilizer(CT).The results for 2 consecutive years showed that the use of controlled-release compound fertilizer blending with a release period of 3 months and 6 months could effectively promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by young apple trees,and was beneficial to improve the soil nutrient status.Among them,M-(70C3+30C6)treatment increased the utilization efficiency of nitrogen and potassium by 38.09%and 30.22%respectively;M-(50C3+50C6)treatment significantly increased the utilization efficiency of phosphorus by 21.88%.

关 键 词：控释复合肥 苹果幼树 养分利用率 生长 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S143[农业科学—肥料学]