2018—2019年度郴州市流感流行特征和病原类型分析  

Analysis of Influenza Epidemic Characteristics and Pathogen Types in Chenzhou City from 2018 to 2019

作　　者：阳慧[1] 胡雅梦 朱韩武[1] 陈柏塘[1] 陈伟华[1] YANG Hui;HU Ya-meng;ZHU Han-wu;CHEN Bai-tang;CHEN Wei-hua(Chenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chenzhou,Hunan Province,423000 China)

机构地区：[1]郴州市疾病预防控制中心,湖南郴州423000

出　　处：《中国卫生产业》2020年第36期16-18,22,共4页China Health Industry

基　　金：郴州市级重点研发及技术创新专项(ZDYF2020195)。

摘　　要：目的分析郴州市流感流行特征、病原类型变化趋势和监测系统敏感性,为流感防控政策制定和策略调整提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,统计分析2018—2019年度郴州市流感样病例监测数据、咽拭子核酸检测结果、流感常规疫情和暴发疫情监测数据。结果2018—2019年度郴州市共监测流感样病例8148例,各年龄组间流感样病例监测率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7821.54,P<0.01);总体ILI%为2.84%,以2019年1月ILI%最高(3.30%),各月份间ILI%差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=181.92,P<0.01)。共采集ILI咽拭子标本2815份,阳性率13.11%,各年龄组间阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=47.44,P<0.01),流感病毒类型以新甲H1为主(63.69%)。常规监测中共报告流感病例12850例,96.03%的病例集中在2018年12月、2019年1月、2019年2月、2019年3月。共报告3起流感爆发疫情,其中小学校2起、中学校1起。结论14岁以下人群为流感防控重点人群;流感季节性分布明显,以冬春季为主。建议扩大流感监测范围、加大培训力度、强化检测效率、提高监测质量,防止流感暴发和流行。Objective To analyze the characteristics of influenza epidemics in Chenzhou,the trend of pathogen types and the sensitivity of the surveillance system,to provide a scientific basis for influenza prevention and control policy formulation and strategy adjustment.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to statistically analyze the surveillance data of influenza-like cases in Chenzhou from 2018 to 2019,the nucleic acid test results of throat swabs,the surveillance data of routine influenza epidemics and outbreaks.Results In 2018-2019,a total of 8148 influenza-like cases were monitored in Chenzhou City,and the monitoring rate of influenza-like cases was statistically different between age groups(χ^(2)=7821.54,P<0.01);the overall ILI%was 2.84%,based on 1 in 2019.Monthly ILI%was the highest(3.30%),and the difference in ILI%between months was statistically significant(χ^(2)=181.92,P<0.01).A total of 2815 ILI throat swab specimens were collected,with a positive rate of 13.11%.The difference in positive detection rates among age groups was statistically significant(χ^(2)=47.44,P<0.01).The type of influenza virus was mainly new A H1(63.69%).A total of 12850 influenza cases were reported in routine surveillance,and 96.03%of the cases were concentrated in December 2018,January 2019,February 2019,and March 2019.A total of 3 influenza outbreaks were reported,including 2 in elementary school and 1 in middle school.Conclusion The population under the age of 14 is the key population for influenza prevention and control;the seasonal distribution of influenza is obvious,mainly in winter and spring.It is recommended to expand the scope of influenza surveillance,increase training,strengthen detection efficiency,improve surveillance quality,and prevent influenza outbreaks and epidemics.

关 键 词：流行性感冒 流行特征 病原类型 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]