2018-2019年辽宁省甲型流感病毒流行株HA基因进化与疫苗株匹配度分析  

Analysis of antigenicity-related gene evolution and vaccine-matching rate of influenza A virus prevalent strain in Liaoning province in 2018-2019

作　　者：孙海波[1] 刘双 宋亦春[1] 王璐璐[1] 孙佰红[1] 张倩[1] 毛玲玲[1] 孙英伟[1] 姚文清[1] Sun Haibo;Liu Shuang;Song Yichun;Wang Lulu;Sun Baihong;Zhang Qian;Mao Lingling;Sun Yingwen;Yao Wenqing(Liaoning Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang 110005,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,沈阳110005

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2021年第1期75-83,共9页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：国家重大传染病防治科技重大专项(2017ZX10103007-001);辽宁省科技厅重点实验室项目(2017);辽宁省自然科学基金计划重点(20170540488)。

摘　　要：目的分析辽宁省2018-2019年甲型流感毒血凝素(hemagglutinin,HA)基因,计算并评估流行株与疫苗株的匹配度。方法选取2018-2019年49株甲型流感毒株进行测序,对HA基因进行进化分析;研究抗原表位、糖基化位点及受体结合位点变异情况;采用Pepitope模型对流行株与疫苗匹配度进行分析。结果2018-2019年流感流行季为11月份至次年3月份,主要流行型别为新甲型H1N1亚型。经进化分析,新甲型H1N1流行株属于6B.1分支,与当年疫苗株属于同一分支;季节性H3N2毒株分布在3C.2a分支上,与2018-2019年疫苗株处于同一分支,但2019-2020年疫苗株位于3C.3a分支。部分毒株在抗原表位及受体结合位点上发生了突变。若干毒株与疫苗株相比,糖基化位点发生了增加或缺失,并未出现新的糖基化位点。使用Pepitope模型对疫苗效力从分子水平进行评估,本年度新甲型H1N1流感疫苗效力及2019-2020年疫苗株预测效力均能达到较为理想的效果。但是季节性H3N2疫苗株与本年度流行株匹配度低,计算出的疫苗效力半数以上为负值。2019-2020年H3N2亚型疫苗株效力有待进一步观察。结论2018-2019年辽宁省甲型H1N1流行株发生了一定程度的变异,H3N2亚型流行株与2018-2019年疫苗株匹配度低。应密切关注流行株的基因变异情况并及时更新疫苗株。Objective Analyze the hemagglutinin(HA)gene of influenza A strains in Liaoning Province from 2018 to 2019,calculate and evaluate the matching degree of influenza A strains and vaccine strains.Methods 49 influenza A strains from 2018 to 2019 were selected for sequencing,and the HA gene was analyzed for evolution;the mutation of antigen epitopes,glycosylation sites and receptor binding sites were studied;the matching degree between the epidemic strain and the vaccine was analyzed by pepidope model.Results The 2018-2019 influenza pandemic season was concentrated in November-March,and the main pandemic strain was H1N1 pdm virus.Through evolutionary analysis,H1N1 pdm virus belonged to the 6B.1 branch,and the seasonal H3N2 strain was distributed in the 3C.2a branch,all of which belonged to the same branch as the vaccine strain this year.Some strains mutated at epitope and receptor binding sites.In some strains,glycosylation sites increased or were absent compared with vaccine strains,and no new glycosylation sites were present.The Pepitope model was used to evaluate the vaccine effect.H1N1 pdm virus vaccine of this year showed good protective effect,but the seasonal H3N2 vaccine strain showed negative protective effect for epidemic strain,which could not play an effective protective role.Conclusions In 2018-2019,H1N1 epidemic strain in Liaoning Province had some variation,and the matching degree between H3N2 subtype epidemic strain and 2018-2019 vaccine strain was low.We should pay close attention to the gene variation of the epidemic strains and update the vaccine strains in time.

关 键 词：甲型流感病毒 抗原性 基因进化分析 疫苗效力 

分 类 号：R392-33[医药卫生—免疫学]