铅锌矿渣污染土壤的重金属含量及真菌群落特征分析  

Analysis of heavy metals contents and the characteristics of fungal communities in Pb-Zn tailings contaminated soils

作　　者：许洪扬 付冰清 康慧 黄鑫浩 王钧 朱凡 XU Hongyang;FU Bingqing;KANG Hui;HUANG Xinhao;WANG Jun;ZHU Fan(College of Life Science and Technology,Central-South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha,Hunan 410004,China;Changsha Environmental Protection College,Changsha,Hunan 410004,China;College of Landscape Architecture and Art Design,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]长沙环境保护职业技术学院,湖南长沙410004 [3]湖南农业大学风景园林与艺术设计学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期203-211,共9页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42007383)。

摘　　要：研究了湖南郴州某铅锌选矿厂铅锌矿渣污染下土壤重金属的不同化学形态含量、土壤化学性质和真菌群落的多样性。结果表明:与湖南省重金属修复地方标准相比,采样区4种重金属Zn、Pb、Cd、Cu的污染程度依次降低;同种重金属不同化学形态之间比较,铅铁锰氧化态、锌醋酸提取态、镉醋酸提取态、铜残渣态含量较高;重金属污染显著改变真菌群落的组成和结构;敏感性真菌(球囊菌门(Glomeromycota))的相对丰度随重金属污染程度的增加而降低,而耐受性真菌(子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、被孢囊门(Mortierellomycota)、被孢菌属(Mortierella)、青霉菌属(Penicillium)和镰刀菌属(Fusarium))的相对丰度增加,但在重污染情况下有所减少;冗余分析(RDA)和方差分解分析(VPA)表明,重金属是影响真菌群落变化的主要因素。In the present study,we investigated different chemical forms of soil heavy metals,soil chemical properties,and fungal diversity and composition for the contaminated soil collected from the tailings in Chenzhou Pb-Zn mining area,Hunan.The results showed that,compared with the Hunan local standard of heavy metal remediation,the polluted extent of the four kinds of heavy metals in soil samples was as follows:Zn>Pb>Cd>Cu.Compared with different chemical forms of the same heavy metal,it was found that the contents of Fe-Mn oxidation fraction of Pb,HOAc extractable fraction of Zn,HOAc extractable fraction of Cd and residual fraction of Cu were highest.Heavy metal pollution significantly altered the composition and structure of fungal community,rather than the richness and diversity.The relative abundances of sensitive fungi(e.g.,Glomeromycota)were decreased with the increase of heavy metal contamination.However,the relative abundances of tolerant fungi(e.g.,Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,Mortierellomycota,Mortierella,Fusarium,and Penicillium)were increased with the increase of heavy metal contamination,while they were decreased under severe pollution.RDA and VPA showed that heavy metals were the main factors affecting the fungal community.

关 键 词：铅锌矿渣 重金属不同化学形态 真菌群落 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]