铁路货车补焊前从板断裂分析  

Fracture analysis offront follower plate of freight train by repair welding

作　　者：李翔 吴毅 尹鸿祥 张关震 张恒 LI Xiang;WU Yi;YIN Hongxiang;ZHANG Guanzhen;ZHANG Heng(Metal and Chemistry Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《兵器材料科学与工程》2021年第2期54-57,共4页Ordnance Material Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFB0304605)。

摘　　要：为保证铁路货车车钩缓冲装置前从板的安全性,用EDS能谱、金相分析、力学性能测试等手段,探讨前从板断裂原因。结果表明:由不合格焊补修复工艺造成焊缝魏氏组织严重,在冲击载荷作用下从板表面焊缝组织萌生裂纹,裂纹沿先共析柱状铁素体扩展,到一定程度后到达从板,大载荷条件下瞬间断裂。To ensure the safety of couple buffer device of the freight train when the front follower plate breaks,the fracture reason of the front follower plate was analyzed by means of EDS energy spectrum,metallographic analysis,mechanical property test and so on.The results show that lots of the widmanstatten structure in the weld structure form due to the unqualified repair process;under the impact load,the cracks initiate from the weld structure of the plate surface,and then the cracks propagate along the first pro-eutectoid columnar ferrite,and reach the plate matrix after a certain degree.The instantaneous fracture occurs under large load conditions.

关 键 词：铁路货车 前从板 焊补组织 裂纹扩展 伤损分析 

分 类 号：U270.34[机械工程—车辆工程] U272[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]