固支矩形钢板近距爆炸的毁伤特性  

Damage Characteristics of Fixed Rectangular Steel Plate under Close-in Explosion

作　　者：韩璐 袁建飞[1] 张玉磊[1] 徐其鹏[1] 李芝绒[1] HAN Lu;YUAN Jian-fei;ZHANG Yu-lei;XU Qi-peng;LI Zhi-rong(Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi′an 710065, China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2021年第2期225-232,共8页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家安全重大基础研究项目。

摘　　要：为掌握金属平板结构在近距爆炸载荷下的毁伤特性,以四边固支矩形钢板为对象,开展了柱形TNT装药近距爆炸毁伤试验,根据试验结果划分了钢板的3种毁伤模式:塑性大变形毁伤、临界起裂毁伤和花瓣状破口毁伤,建立了不同毁伤模式下的理论计算和数值模型,并分析了药量、爆距及钢板厚度对其近距爆炸毁伤特性的影响。结果表明,钢板的塑性最大变形随装药质量增加而增加,随爆距增加而减小;钢板的临界起裂毁伤形式为平行于长边的Ⅰ字形裂纹;爆距保持不变时,钢板的最大破口毁伤直径与药量为正相关,2000g药量时的最大破口直径为1000g药量时的1.18倍;相同药量时,随着爆距的增加,钢板最大破口直径呈先增大后减小的趋势,药量为500g和1000g时,最佳毁伤爆距分别为4cm和5cm。To obtain damage characteristics of metal plate structure under close-in explosion,the close-in explosion test of cylindrical TNT charges on rectangular steel plate with four fixed sides were carried out,and the results show three damage modes:plastic large deformation damage,critical initiation damage and petal shaped damage.The effects of charge mass,distance and thickness of steel plate on its damage characteristics under close-in explosion were analyzed by theoretical and simulation models under different damage modes.The results show that the maximum plastic deformation of plate increases with the increase of charge mass and decreases with the increase of detonation distance.The critical crack of plate is I-shape and parallel to the long side of the rectangle.When the detonation distance remains constant,the maximum fracture diameter of the steel plate is positively related to the charge mass,and the maximum fracture diameter of 2000g charge is 1.18 times that of 1000g charge.When the charge mass is constant,the maximum fracture diameter of the steel plate first increases and then decreases with the increase of detonation distance.The optimal damage explosion distance is 4cm and 5cm for the explosive mass of 500g and 1000g,respectively.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 冲击波 近距爆炸 矩形钢板 毁伤效应 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O381[理学—流体力学]