燃煤电厂脱硫废水零排放处理技术研究进展  

Research progress on zero-discharge treatment technology of desulfurization wastewater in coal-fired power plant

作　　者：张静 ZHANG Jing(School of Environmental science and Engineering,Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College,Zhangzhou 363105,China;Key Laboratory of Estuarine Ecological Security and Environmental Health (Fujian Province University),Zhangzhou 363105,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学嘉庚学院环境科学与工程学院,福建漳州363105 [2]河口生态安全与环境健康福建省高校重点实验室,福建漳州363105

出　　处：《煤质技术》2021年第2期7-13,共7页Coal Quality Technology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2018J05024)。

摘　　要：燃煤电厂脱硫废水具有高盐、高浊度和成分复杂等特点,其脱硫废水零排放处理技术的实施可满足火电行业日益严格的废水排放标准要求。对脱硫废水的来源、水质特征及其传统处理方法进行综述,简介零排放处理技术的工艺流程、常用技术方法的优缺点及应用现状,并对零排放技术的研究方向进行展望,以期为燃煤电厂行业开展脱硫废水零排放处理的工艺选择提供参考。指出现有的脱硫废水零排放技术通常采用预处理、浓缩减量和固化处理,燃煤电厂在推进废水零排放设施建设和改造时应根据电厂的实际情况并综合考虑投资运行成本、社会经济效益而择优选择适合的技术流程。并提出未来需改进和优化之处,即开发混凝沉淀效率高的新型混凝剂,降低传统混凝沉淀工艺中和脱硫废水零排放技术预处理阶段混凝剂的投放量;开发抗污染新型膜分离材料,在废水零排放技术的浓缩减量阶段提高膜浓缩法中膜处理的效率,降低膜处理技术的成本;推广旁路烟道蒸发技术的使用并改进工艺流程,提高废水处理能力,降低蒸发能耗和设备损耗。Desulfurization wastewater from coal-fired power plant is characterized by high salinity,high turbidity and complex composition.The implementation of zero-discharge treatment technology for desulfurization wastewater can meet the increasingly stringent wastewater discharge standards of thermal power industry.This paper summarized the source,water quality characteristics and traditional treatment methods of desulfurization wastewater,introduced the process flow of zero discharge treatment technology,the advantages and disadvantages of common technical methods and application status.The research direction of zero discharge technology were also prospected.Based on that,the reference for the process selection of zero-discharge treatment of desulfurization wastewater in coal-fired power plant industry could be provided.It is pointed out that the existing zero discharge technology of desulfurization wastewater usually adopts pretreatment,concentration reduction and curing treatment;when promoting the construction and transformation of zero discharge facilities of wastewater in coal-fired power plant,the appropriate technological process should be selected according to the comprehensive consideration of the actual situation of the power plant,the investment and operation cost,and the social and economic benefits.The future improvement and optimization were also put forward,that is to say,new coagulant with high coagulation-sedimentation efficiency should be developed to reduce the amount of coagulant in the pre-treatment stage of traditional coagulation-sedimentation process and zero discharge technology of desulfurization wastewater;new anti-pollution membrane materials should be developed to improve the efficiency and reduce the cost of membrane treatment in the concentration reduction stage of zero discharge technology;use of by-pass flue evaporation technology should be promoted and its process flow should be improved as well,which could improve the wastewater treatment capacity,and reduce the evaporation energy con

关 键 词：脱硫废水 零排放处理技术 燃煤电厂 预处理 浓缩减量 固化处理 膜分离材料 

分 类 号：TQ09[化学工程] X773[环境科学与工程—环境工程]