高校特殊群体学生心理健康状况与压力知觉、应对方式相关性分析  

The relationship between mental health status and stress perception and coping style among college students with special groups

作　　者：李元栋 江钦徐 姜嘉 匡艳丽[2] LI Yuan-dong;JIANG Qin-xu;JIANG Jia;KUANG Yan-li(Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou 221004,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州医科大学,江苏徐州221004 [2]江苏师范大学,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2021年第3期228-233,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：中国高等教育学会学生工作研究分会2018年高校学生工作课题(LX2018Y151)。

摘　　要：目的探讨高校特殊群体学生的心理健康状况与压力知觉、应对方式的关系。方法2019年9-11月,采用方便抽样抽取江苏省3所高校763名特殊群体学生作为研究对象,进行心理健康状况、压力知觉水平评估以及应对方式的问卷调查并作出相关性分析。结果经济困难、学习困难、心理亚健康、生理缺陷男生的SCL-90、CPSS、应对方式评分高于女生,二年级高于一、三年级,城市高于城镇和农村。经济困难、学习困难、心理亚健康、生理缺陷男生的SCL-90、CPSS评分中,独生子女高于非独生子女;SCL-90量表评分学习困难学生未参加过社会实践的学生高于参加过社会实践的学生[(1.33±0.19)vs(1.26±0.20)分,t=4.575,P<0.05],CPSS量表评分学习困难、心理亚健康、生理缺陷未参加过社会实践的学生低于参加过社会实践的学生[(26.77±3.85)vs(24.90±3.98)、(23.37±3.35)vs(22.63±2.88)、(18.14±3.24)vs(20.67±4.00),t=6.098、3.076、8.739,P均<0.05]。经济困难学生、学习困难学生、心理亚健康学生、生理缺陷学生男生的应对方式评分高于女生[(0.90±0.10)vs(0.81±0.10)、(0.80±0.09)vs(0.74±0.08)、(0.73±0.09)vs(0.69±0.10)、(0.64±0.11)vs(0.59±0.09),t=11.711、9.152、5.481、6.453,P均<0.05]。非独生子女的心理亚健康学生的应对方式评分高于独生子女[(0.71±0.09)vs(0.68±0.10),t=3.929,P<0.05)]。经济困难学生参加社会实践的应对方式评分高于未参加学生[(0.87±0.11)vs(0.84±0.10),t=3.624,P<0.05)],学习困难学生生理缺陷学生未参加过社会实践的学生高于参加过社会实践的学生[(0.66±0.06)vs(0.57±0.11),t=12.417,P<0.05)]。高校特殊群体学生心理健康状况与压力知觉(r=0.447)、应对方式(r=0.475)显著正相关(P<0.05)。结论高校特殊群体学生中压力大的学生心理健康状况较差,积极的应对方式能够帮助学生增强自信,提高其心理健康水平。Objective To discuss the relationship between mental health status and the perception of stress and the coping style among special group of college students.Methods From September to November 2019,763 special group students from 3 universities in Jiangsu Province were selected by convenient sampling as research objects,and questionnaire surveys on mental health status,stress perception level assessment and coping styles were conducted and correlation analysis was made.Results SCL-90,CPSS,and coping style scores of boys with financial difficulties,learning difficulties,mental sub-health,and physical disabilities were higher than those of girls,the second grade higher than the first and third grades,and the cities higher than the urban and rural areas.In the boys with financial difficulties,learning difficulties,mental sub-health,and physical disabilities,SCL-90 and CPSS scores of only children were higher than non-only children.Students with learning difficulties who had not participated in social practice were higher in SCL-90 score than those who had participated.For the students who had experienced social practice[(1.33±0.19)vs(1.26±0.20),t=4.575,P<0.05],the CPSS scale scores for learning difficulties,mental sub-health,and physical defects who had not participated in social practice were lower than those who had participated in social practice[(26.77±3.85)vs(24.90±3.98),(23.37±3.35)vs(22.63±2.88),(18.14±3.24)vs(20.67±4.00),t=6.098,3.076,8.739,all P<0.05].Boys with financial difficulties,students with learning difficulties,students with mental sub-health mental sub-health and students with physical defects had higher coping style score than that of girls[(0.90±0.10)vs(0.81±0.10),(0.80±0.09)vs(0.74±0.08),(0.73±0.09)vs(0.69±0.10),(0.64±0.11)vs(0.59±0.09),t=11.711,9.152,5.481,6.453,all P<0.05].The score of coping styles of non-only children were higher than those of only children[(0.71±0.09)vs(0.68±0.10),t=3.929,P<0.05)],students with financial difficulties participate in social practice and had h

关 键 词：特殊群体 心理健康 压力知觉 应对方式 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]