家兔基因组选择准确性评估  

Evaluation of the Accuracy of Genome Selection in Rabbits

作　　者：陈仕毅[1] 贾先波[1] 赖松家[1] Chen Shi-yi;Jia Xian-bo;Lai Song-jia(College of Animal Science and Technology Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物科技学院,成都611130

出　　处：《中国养兔》2021年第1期8-11,共4页Chinese Journal of Rabbit Farming

基　　金：四川省育种攻关项目(2016NYZ0046)。

摘　　要：基因组选择是目前最先进的畜禽育种技术,但在家兔上还未见相关报道。本研究模拟了一个家兔选育群体,设计4个微效多基因控制性状(其遗传力分别为0.05、0.10、0.25和0.40),共开展8个世代的人工选育试验。在选育群的第6和第7世代,随机选择500、1000、1500或2000只个体组建用于训练遗传评估模型的训练集,在第8世代中随机选择500只个体作为验证集,训练集和验证集中的所有个体进行50 K SNP分型;在此基础上,比较分析了基于系谱信息的传统最佳线性无偏估计(PBLUP)、基于基因组信息的基因组最佳线性无偏估计(GBLUP)、和基于系谱和基因组信息的单步基因组最佳线性无偏估计(ss GBLUP)3种遗传评估模型在育种值估计上的准确性。结果发现,当训练集样本数达到1500只时,GBLUP方法在所有遗传力情况下均优于传统的PBLUP方法,能提高约30%的准确性。当使用ss GBLUP方法时,即使在遗传力为0.05和训练集大小为500只的情况下,与PBLUP方法相比其估计准确性也具有明显地提高;随着训练集大小的增加,ss GBLUP方法估计准确性具有显著地提高,增幅可以达到1倍。因此,认为在家兔上实施基因组选择具有很强的可行性,在前期阶段可以对小规模样本进行基因分型,然后使用ssGBLUP遗传评估模型进行育种值估计。Genomic selection is the most advanced technology in livestock and poultry breeding,whereas it has not been reported in rabbits yet.In this study,we simulated a selection population by designing four polygenic traits with heritability of 0.05,0.10,0.25 and 0.40,respectively.In the 6 th and 7 th generations,a total of 500,1000,1500 and 2000 rabbits were randomly selected and used as the training datasets with respective to the three genetic evaluation models,including the pedigree-based Best Linear Unbiased Prediction(PBLUP),genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction(GBLUP),and single-step genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction(ssGBLUP).We randomly selected 500 rabbits in the 8 th generation and validated the accuracy of different genetic evaluation models.Our results revealed that the use of genomic information could improve the accuracy of estimated breeding values,especially when the training dataset size is higher than 1500.However,the ssGBLUP method has an obvious advantage even when only 500 rabbits were included in training dataset and for the low heritability trait.

关 键 词：最佳线性无偏估计 基因组最佳线性无偏估计 家兔育种 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]