基于应急管理理论的新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性疫情防控效果评价指标体系的构建  

Development of the COVID-19 Cluster Containment Evaluation System Using the Emergency Management Theory

作　　者：刘珏[1] 梁万年 刘民[1] 杨维中 刘霞[4] 吴敬 王亚东 单广良[7] 韩辉[8] 周蕾[9] LIU Jue;LIANG Wannian;LIU Min;YANG Weizhong;LIU Xia;WU Jing;WANG Yadong;SHAN Guangliang;HAN Hui;ZHOU Lei(School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Vanke School of Public Health,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Population Medicine and Public Health,Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Chinese Preventive Medical Association,Beijing 100009,China;China Health Education Center,Beijing 100011,China;School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Institute of Basic Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Beijing 100176,China;Health Emergency Center,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京市100191 [2]清华大学万科公共卫生与健康学院,北京市100084 [3]北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院,北京市100730 [4]中华预防医学会,北京市100009 [5]中国健康教育中心,北京市100011 [6]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京市100069 [7]中国医学科学院基础医学研究所北京协和医学院基础学院,北京市100730 [8]中国检验检疫科学研究院,北京市100176 [9]中国疾病预防控制中心卫生应急中心,北京市102206

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2021年第17期2122-2126,共5页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(71934002);国家重点研发计划(2020YFC0846300,2020YFC0849500);国家科技重大专项(2020ZX10001002)。

摘　　要：背景在新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情常态化防控阶段,我国陆续发生了多起聚集性疫情,均已得到控制。科学评估聚集性疫情防控效果,有助于及时总结经验与不足,更好地应对疫情。然而目前尚缺乏COVID-19聚集性疫情防控效果评价的工具。目的构建COVID-19聚集性疫情防控效果评价指标体系,为评估聚集性疫情防控效果提供工具。方法2020年11月—2021年2月,以应急管理理论为基础,构建理论框架。从应急管理的事前预防、事中处置和事后评估的角度,采用文献研究、多轮专家咨询法构建评价指标体系。结果本研究构建了由5个一级指标(发现报告能力、精准防控能力、公众防护能力、医疗救治效果、疫情防控效果)、27个二级指标和107个三级指标组成的COVID-19聚集性疫情防控效果评价指标体系。专家一致性系数为0.710~0.912,该指标体系用于评价聚集性疫情防控效果满分赋值100分,分数越高防控效果越好。结论本研究所构建COVID-19聚集性疫情防控效果评价指标体系可为评估疫情常态化防控阶段聚集性疫情防控效果提供参考。Background During the normal prevention and control phase of COVID-19,a number of clusters occurred in China,and all of them have been brought under control.Scientific assessment of the effectiveness of cluster containment helps to timely summarize the experience and shortcomings,contributing to better responding to the epidemic.However,there is still a lack of tools to evaluate the effectiveness of COVID-19 cluster containment.Objective To develop a COVID-19 cluster containment evaluation system as a tool for assessing the effectiveness of COVID-19 cluster containment.Methods During November 2020 to February 2021,by use of the emergency management theory,we formulated a theoretical framework,and used it to develop the COVID-19 Cluster Containment Evaluation System involving COVID-19 cluster prevention,responses and containment assessment using literature review and two rounds of Delphi consultation.Results The system consists of 5 domains(COVID-19 cluster detection and reporting,COVID-19 cluster precise containment,public protection against COVID-19 cluster,medical treatment for COVID-19 cluster,and effectiveness of COVID-19 cluster containment),with 27 items and 107 sub-items.The Kendall’s coefficient of concordance ranged from 0.710 to 0.912.The full score for the system is 100 points,and higher score indicates a better effectiveness of containment.Conclusion This system may be used as an auxiliary tool for assessing the effectiveness of COVID-19 cluster containment in normal prevention and control phase of COVID-19.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 新型冠状病毒 疫情 评价研究(主题) 指标体系 

分 类 号：R512.99[医药卫生—内科学]