烟草赤星病拮抗芽胞杆菌的筛选、鉴定及促生防病作用  

Screening,Identification,Biocontrol and Growth-promoting Effects of Bacillus Strains Antagonistic against Tobacco Brown Spot

作　　者：王雯丽 曾庆超 李燕[1] 夏博[2] 黄鹤 林祥 吴元华[2] 王琦[1] WANG Wenli;ZENG Qingchao;LI Yan;XIA Bo;HUANG He;LIN Xiang;WU Yuanhua;WANG Qi(China Agricultural University,Beijing 100094,China;Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China;Dandong Tobacco Monopoly Bureau,Dandong,Liaoning 118000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学,北京100094 [2]沈阳农业大学,沈阳110866 [3]丹东市烟草专卖局,辽宁丹东118000

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2021年第2期43-49,共7页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：中国烟草总公司科技重大专项(110201601026LS-06)。

摘　　要：为获得对烟草赤星病菌具有较好生防效果的芽胞杆菌,从福建、山东、云南等地烟草叶片中分离得到187株菌株,对烟草种子进行浸种处理,通过测定发芽率筛选到能够促进种子萌发的6株菌株;利用平板拮抗法、离体叶片接种法、温室生测发现FJ1、FJ1-6能促进烟草生长且对赤星病防效较好;通过生理生化和分子生物学鉴定,FJ1为萎缩芽胞杆菌(Bacillus atrophaeus),FJ1-6为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)。防病特性研究发现,两菌株含有参与脂肽类抗生素Surfactin、Fengycin和Iturin合成的基因且脂肽类粗提物对赤星病菌丝生长有明显的抑制作用,抑制率分别为56.9%、65.0%。综上,FJ1、FJ1-6具有优良的促生防病特性及显著的促种子萌发效应,可应用于烟草育苗及赤星病的防治。In order to obtain a Bacillus with biocontrol effects on tobacco brown spot disease,187 strains isolated from tobacco leaves were used in soaking tobacco seeds,and 6 strains that could promote seed germination were selected by measuring the germination rate.The results from antagonistic,detached leaf inoculation,greenhouse bioassay experiments showed that strains FJ1 and FJ1-6 could promote tobacco growth and had control effects on brown spot disease.Physiological,biochemical and molecular biological identification revealed that FJ1 and FJ1-6 belonged to Bacillus atrophaeus and Bacillus velezensis.The study of Biocontrol characteristics showed that the two strains contained genes involved in the synthesis of lipopeptide antibiotics Surfactin,Fengycin and Iturin,and the crude lipopeptide extracts had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of the mycelium of brown spot disease,with the inhibition rates of 56.9%and 65.0%respectively.The results show that FJ1 and FJ1-6 have excellent growth-promoting and disease-preventing properties and significant seed germination effects.They can be applied to tobacco seedling cultivation and tobacco brown spot control and provide effective strain resources for the development of biocontrol agents.

关 键 词：烟草赤星病 筛选 芽胞杆菌 生物防治 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]