纳/微异构型钙钛矿氧化物电极在固体氧化物燃料电池的研究进展  

Recent Development on Nano-and Micron-heteromorphism Perovskite Oxide Nanofiber Electrode for SOFC

作　　者：王一帆 孙毅飞 盖鑫磊[1,2] 金建兑 卜云飞 WANG Yifan;SUN Yifei;GE Xinlei;KIM Guntae;BU Yunfei(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Engineering,Nanjing 210044,China;UNIST-NUIST China South Korea Joint Laboratory of Energy and Environment,Nanjing 210044,China;School of Energy,Xiamen University,Xiamen 363102,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院,南京210044 [2]UNIST-NUIST中韩能源与环境联合实验室,南京210044 [3]厦门大学能源学院,福建厦门363102

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2021年第1期70-82,共13页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(21706132);南京信息工程大学科研启动经费;江苏省特聘教授基金项目;厦门大学南强青年拔尖人才计划启动基金。

摘　　要：开发高效、稳定、廉价的钙钛矿氧化物电极材料是固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)进一步商业化发展的关键。目前,研究重点仍集中在解决阳极积碳、硫毒化以及阴极氧还原(ORR)低温性能不佳等问题。最近,有研究报道,一些易还原过渡金属元素掺杂的钙钛矿可以在还原气氛中原位析出该金属并以纳米颗粒的形式"镶嵌"在钙钛矿表面形成"纳米金属–钙钛矿"复合结构。该方法制备的材料具有性能高、抗积碳能力强、可再生性好等优点。从钙钛矿氧化物本体的选择、A/B位掺杂、缺陷调整、以及拓扑离子交换、相变诱发等方面,总结了近年来关于构建纳米(析出金属颗粒)微米(钙钛矿氧化物母体)异质结构(统称纳微异构)钙钛矿氧化物纳米纤维复合电极的研究。此外,总结了具有纳米纤维状形貌的钙钛矿氧化物电极及其结构对于SOFC性能、稳定性的影响,最后提出了该类纳微异构材料的优势、不足和展望。The development of efficient, stable and inexpensive electrode materials is a key to the further commercialization of solid oxide fuel cells(SOFC). This should solve some problems of anode carbon deposition, sulfur toxicity and poor low-temperature performance of cathode oxygen reduction reaction(ORR). Recent studies indicate that some reducible transition metal element dopants could in situ exsolved from perovskite lattice in reducing atmosphere, and pinning on the surface to form a "nanometal/perovskite" composite structure. The material prepared by this method has some advantages of high performance, strong carbon deposition resistance, good stability, and good regeneration. This review represented recent work on the construction of nano-(in situ exsolved metal particles) micron-(perovskite oxide parent) heterostructure(collectively referred to as nano-and micron-isomerisms) perovskite oxide composite electrode with a nanofiber morphology from the perovskite parent selection, A/B site doping, defect manipulation, topological ion exchange, and phase transition trigger. The affecting factors on the SOFC performance and stability were also summarized. In addition, the advantages, disadvantages, and prospects of the nano-and micron-isomer materials were also discussed.

关 键 词：固体氧化物燃料电池 钙钛矿氧化物 异质结阳极 阴极 形貌 纳微异构 

分 类 号：TU528[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]