2015-2019年江门市区农饮水健康风险评估  

Health risk assessment of rural drinking water in Jiangmen City from 2015 to 2019

作　　者：曾明亮[1] 梁东兴 ZENG Ming-liang;LIANG Dong-xing(Department of Logistics Support,Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangmen,Jiangmen Guangdong Province 529000,China)

机构地区：[1]江门市疾病预防控制中心后勤保障部,广东江门529000

出　　处：《中国城乡企业卫生》2021年第3期80-83,共4页Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene

摘　　要：目的了解本地区农饮水菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、铁、游离氯5个指标风险程度,探究灰聚类分析方法评估农饮水水质对健康影响风险的可行性。方法以江门市某区2015-2019年5年期间均使用当地农饮水为饮用水源的本地区某乡镇12条行政村为评估对象,采用国标方法对菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、铁、游离氯5个指标进行检测,使用灰聚类分析方法对农饮水进行风险评估。结果菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、铁、游离氯高风险灰类占比分别为84.52%、54.01%、38.52%、5.64%、90.87%,中风险灰类占比分别为5.21%、3.77%、4.09%、1.32%、0.89%,低风险灰类占比分别为10.27%、42.22%、57.39%、93.04%、8.24%,菌落总数和游离氯高风险灰类占比较高,总大肠菌群和耐热大肠菌群高风险和低风险灰类占比大致持平,铁低风险灰类占比较高。结论当地农饮水以细菌性污染和游离氯不足为主,未来可考虑对当地细菌性污染和游离氯不足地区的农饮水优先进行改水工程,对当地暂未纳入改水范围的地区,应加大对居民安全饮水宣传力度。Objective To understand the risk degree of five indicators of the total number of bacterial count,total coliform group,thermotolerant coliform,iron and free chlorine in rural drinking water in this area,and to explore the feasibility of grey cluster analysis method to assess the risk of the impact of rural drinking water quality on health.Methods A total of 12 administrative villages in a town in the region that all use local rural drinking water as drinking water source in the five years from 2015 to 2019 were taken as assessment objects.Five indicators of total bacterial count,total coliform group,thermotoleran coliform,iron and free chlorine were detected by using national standard method,and risk assessment of rural drinking water was carried out by using grey cluster analysis method.Results The proportions of total number of colonies,total coliforms,thermotoleran coliforms,iron and free chlorine high-risk ashes were 84.52%,54.01%,38.52%,5.64% and 90.87% respectively,the proportions of medium risk ashes were 5.21%,3.77%,4.09%,1.32% and 0.89% respectively,and the proportions of low-risk ashes were 10.27%,42.22%,57.39%,93.04% and 8.24% respectively.The total number of colonies and free chlorine high-risk ashes accounted for a relatively high proportion.The proportion of high-risk and low-risk ash of total coliform and heat-resistant coliform was roughly the same,and the proportion of iron low-risk ash was more.Conclusion The local rural drinking water was mainly contaminated by bacterial pollution and free chlorine deficiency.In the future,priority could be given to the improvement of the local rural drinking water in the areas with bacterial pollution and free chlorine deficiency.For the areas not included in the scope of water improvement,the publicity of residents’ safe drinking water should be strengthened.

关 键 词：灰聚类 水质 风险评估 

分 类 号：R123.9[医药卫生—环境卫生学]