母语与二语神经认知的个体差异及其影响因素研究  

Individual differences and their affecting factors in the neuro-cognition of language and second language

作　　者：张辉[1] 纪晓丽 ZHANG Hui;JI Xiaoli(School of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学外国语学院,江苏省南京市210097 [2]江苏科技大学

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2021年第2期212-223,319,共13页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“汉语二语语法加工的神经认知与个体差异研究”(20AYY010)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文的目的是综述一个近年新兴的研究领域,即事件相关电位(ERP)技术如何为我们了解母语和二语加工中的个体差异提供重要的研究工具和实验证据。目前的研究涉及以下五个方面:1)现存的语言加工模式都是基于母语加工同质论,而个体差异研究证明同质论是错误的;2)稳定和系统的个体差异普遍存在于母语和二语加工之中;3)传统ERP数据分析存在缺陷,学者们提出了分析ERP效应中个体差异的新方法;4)相关研究发现,左前额负波的出现在文献中不一致,这有可能是个体差异造成的;5)基于ERP的研究发现,不同受试的ERP反应要么诱发N400,要么诱发P600,亦或是两者的混合,从而形成了N400/P600的连续体。在文献综述的基础上,本文指出目前研究存在的一些争论和不足,提出进一步研究的方向。This paper surveys how event-related potential(ERP) technique provides an important tool and experimental evidence for our understanding of individual differences in language and second language(SL) processings. The following areas concerned are prominent: 1) Most models of language processing are based on homogeneity which has been found wrong. 2) Systematic and stable individual differences exist universally in language and SL processings. 3) The drawback of traditional method of ERP data analysis is indicated and some new methods for analysis are proposed. 4) ERP investigations of individual differences discover that the left anterior negativity(LAN) occurs inconsistently in the literature and its causes may be due to individual differences. 5) Language and SL processings based upon ERP find that ERP responses from different subjects elicit either N400, or P600 or the combination of both, forming a continuum between N400 and P600. On the basis of the literature review, the paper points out some controversies and deficiencies before proposing some future research directions.

关 键 词：事件相关电位 神经认知 个体差异 母语与二语加工 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]