摩洛哥移民政策分析:以可治理性与散居的移民为例  

Religion and Migration in Morocco:Governability and Diaspora

作　　者：  凌晓逸(译) 钱学文(编校) Ana IPlanet Contreras;Miguel Hernando de Larramendi Martinez

机构地区：[1]马德里自治大学 [2]卡斯蒂利亚-拉曼恰大学 [3]上海外国语大学丝路战略研究所拉美研究课题组 [4]上海外国语大学丝路战略研究所

出　　处：《新丝路学刊》2020年第1期37-53,共17页Journal of New Silk Road Studies

基　　金：西班牙财政与竞争力部(Ministry of Finance and Competitiveness)“欧洲-地中海地区的改革、变化与冲突:西班牙对阿拉伯和伊斯兰世界外交政策的影响”研究项目的资助(CSO2011-29438-C05-01);以及卡斯蒂利亚·拉曼恰委员会(Junta de Comunidades de Castilla La-Mancha)“西班牙的宗教变革:政教分离、宗教多样性和伊斯兰教”研究项目的资助。

摘　　要：本文以西班牙的摩洛哥移民为观察对象,分析摩洛哥的移民管理政策。鉴于分析移民和跨国主义的框架日益复杂,对于摩洛哥移民政策的研究必须包括更详细的、动态的宗教研究,具体包含旨在解决当前摩洛哥宗教问题的政策变化、为维持散居在外的摩洛哥人所做的努力等。目前,摩洛哥的宪法执行2011年“阿拉伯之春”时颁发的国王令,这项法令既维持了摩洛哥君主制在宗教上的象征性作用,也维护了谢里夫①的合法性。为适应全体公民的宗教生活需要,摩洛哥已做出了努力,但在宗教是否应更趋于温和问题上仍存在分歧。摩洛哥政府愿意接受摩洛哥移民的宗教立场并满足其需求。This article analyses recent Moroccan policies towards its emigrants using Spain as the observation site and the religious arena as the specific focus.Given that the framework for analyzing migration and transnationalism has become progressively more complex,the study of Moroccan policies regarding migrants must include a more detailed and dynamic analysis of religion.This includes examining changes in policies designed to manage religious questions in the current Moroccan context and the material and symbolic efforts made to sustain Moroccan/Muslim citizens in the diaspora.The most recent constitutional reform in Morocco,carried out at the behest of the king in 2011 in the context of the Arab Spring,maintained Islam as the country's official religion along with the principle of freedom of religion.This reform upheld the symbolic role of the Moroccan monarchy in religious terms and the reference to its Sherifian origins.Several efforts have been made to promote an Islam that is suitable for all citizens,with inherent tensions between more and less moderate views.Morocco has also been receptive to the arguments and needs of Moroccans living abroad regarding religion.

关 键 词：摩洛哥 宗教社会学 宗教政治 2011宪法改革 移民政策 西班牙摩洛哥移民 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]