汽油罐内收发油流动模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of Oil Flow in Gasoline Storage Tank During Loading and Unloading Operations

作　　者：王艺[1] 刘洋[1] 黄慧杰 Wang Yi;Liu Yang;Huang Huijie(National Engineering Laboratory for Pipeline Safety,China University of Petroleum,BeiJing 102249)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气管道输送安全国家工程实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《东北电力大学学报》2021年第1期65-75,共11页Journal of Northeast Electric Power University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51576210);中国石油大学(北京)科研基金(2462020YXZZ045)。

摘　　要：准确模拟出汽油罐内收发油过程中的流场对管控汽油在罐内的油品质量和改善收发油工艺具有重要意义,因此储罐的建模和收发油工艺的模拟至关重要.本文研究储罐收发汽油的过程,建立三维浮顶罐物理模型,运用FLUENT数值模拟软件,应用Realizable k-ε湍流模型和动网格对汽油罐内收油和发油的过程进行模拟,掌握多种收发油工况下储罐内流场的分布特征.分析比较不同收发油速度(1.0 m/s、1.5 m/s和2.0 m/s)下的流场特征,发现罐内流场的流线和发展趋势基本相似,罐内油品大部分速度均在0.3 m/s以下,随着油品充装过程的进行,速度梯度逐渐减小.在出入口中轴线两侧罐底区域油品速度非常小,低于0.01 m/s,易发展成“死油区”.随着装油速度增大,罐内流场速度整体变大,流体质点之间的能量和质量的传递更加剧烈,罐底低速区变小,这种情况下,较不易形成罐内“死油区”.最后建议对出入口中轴线两侧罐底区域油品质量进行重点监控,提出设置一个小型搅拌装置和增加入口扩散管长度的措施等,并对加入扩散管促进油品混合的效果做了相关模拟,结果显示这些措施对于消除“死油区”效果明显.Accurate simulation of the flow field in a gasoline tank is important for controlling the quality of gasoline in the loading and unloading operation.Therefore,simulation of the storage tank and the operation is crucial.In this paper,we established a three-dimensional floating-roof tank model,used FLUENT software to do the simulation combining the Realizable k-εturbulence model and the dynamic mesh model and mastered the characteristics of oil flow field in a gasoline tank.Flow fields at different oil operating speeds(1.0 m/s,1.5 m/s,2.0 m/s)are compared.Streamlines are basically similar.Oil velocity is below 0.3 m/s in the most parts of the tank.Velocity gradient gradually decreases with the loading process.The oil velocity in the tank bottom on both sides of the central axis is very small(less than 0.01 m/s).It is easy to be a“dead oil zone”.As the oil loading velocity increases,the overall velocity of the flow fields in the tank becomes larger.The transport of energy and mass becomes more active.The low-speed area at the bottom becomes smaller.In this case,the“dead oil zone”is not easy to form.Finally,it is recommended to monitor the oil quality in tank bottom area on both sides of the central axis of the inlet and outlet.A small stirring device with diffusion pipe is designed to promote oil mixing.The results show good improvement to prevent the“dead oil zone”.

关 键 词：储罐 装卸 汽油 数值模拟 FLUENT 

分 类 号：TE832.2[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]