热压驱动的中庭建筑自然通风研究  

Design Considerations for Fundamental Atrium With Buoyancy-driven Ventilation

作　　者：刘洋[1] 黄澜 力晓晴 吴水平 LIU Yang;HUANG Lan;LI Xiao-Qing;WU Shui-Ping(School of Architectural and Surveying&Mapping Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学建筑与测绘工程学院,赣州341000

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2021年第4期986-998,共13页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51666003)。

摘　　要：中庭是自然通风建筑的一种重要构成形式,可以利用热压作用增强楼层通风。建筑内外密度差产生压差,内部热空气由楼层中热源产生并聚集在上部空间,在太阳辐射作用下热压进一步增强。为确定增强通风条件,利用空气通道方程和羽流理论,预测楼层和中庭各开口流量以及热分层位置,并与实验结果进行比较。通过理论分析,确定中庭结构增强楼层通风判据,当E>E_(isolate)时,中庭促进楼层通风;当E≤E_(isolate)时,中庭抑制楼层通风。通风加强参数E由中庭高度、太阳辐射、中庭上部开口面积确定,而楼层通风参数E_(isolate)仅与楼层有效面积有关。利用中庭建筑置换通风理论模型,分析中庭开口面积、太阳辐射强度和中庭高度对楼层和中庭界面高度、体积流量、折减加速度的影响,揭示建筑设计基本参数对中庭建筑通风的作用规律。An atrium is an important construction form to many naturally ventilated buildings,which is used to enhance the ventilation in storeys.The pressure difference driving natural ventilation flow depends upon the density difference between the internal and external environment.A layer of warm air supplied from heat source in the storey collects in the upper space,and may be heated by solar gains in atrium,thereby increasing the stack pressure.Based on the equation of the stratification and the flow rate along each flowpath and the theoretical analysis of the turbulent plume,the flow rate of each vent and the thermal stratification position in the storey and the atrium are predicted,then compared with the experimental results.Through the theoretical analysis of the atrium,the criterion for enhancement of ventilation flow rate in the storey is determined.When E>E_(isolate),the ventilation in the storey is enhanced.However,when E≤E_(isolate),the ventilation is restricted.Ventilation enhancement parameter E is determined by the atrium height,the solar heat gains and the opening area of the upper atrium.The storey ventilation parameter E_(isolate) is a function of the effective opening area of the storey alone.Using the theoretical model of displacement ventilation in a atrium building,the influence of atrium opening areas,the solar heat gains and the atrium height on the interface heights in storey and atrium,the volume flow rates and the reduced gravities is analyzed,and the effect of basic design parameters on atrium building ventilation is also revealed.

关 键 词：中庭建筑 热压 自然通风 羽流 热分层 

分 类 号：TU834[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]