冲击式水轮机含沙三相流与磨损特性数值研究  

Numerical Analysis of the Three-phase Flow and Sand Abrasion of a Pelton turbine

作　　者：肖业祥[1] 郭豹[1] 张瑾[1] 梁权伟 刘洁 XIAO Yexiang;GUO Bao;ZHANG Jin;LIANG Quanwei;LIU Jie(State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering&Department of Energy and Power Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Dongfang Electric Machinery Co.Ltd.,Deyang 618000,China;China Three Gorges Mechanic&Electric Engineering Co.Ltd.,Chengdu 610014,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室&能源与动力工程系,北京市100084 [2]东方电气东方电机有限公司研究试验中心,四川省德阳市618000 [3]中国长江三峡集团有限公司机电技术中心,四川省成都市610095

出　　处：《水电与抽水蓄能》2021年第2期4-10,共7页Hydropower and Pumped Storage

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0404200);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51479093);水沙国家重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目(sklhse-2021-E-03)。

摘　　要：冲击式水轮机在高水头水力资源开发中具有重要的应用前景,但其过流部件的泥沙磨损问题会是重要挑战。冲击式机组内部流动过程复杂,流动状态的转换多;挟沙流动时,水气沙三相流动特性尚不明确,目前相关研究仍然较为匮乏。本文采用欧拉—拉格朗日方法对颗粒在冲击式水轮机内的全流动过程进行了数值模拟,详细地分析了三相流的水力特性、泥沙颗粒的流动特性以及磨损分布特点。计算结果显示,颗粒运动特性与理论模型较为吻合,预测的过流部件磨损分布与实测结果较为相似。Pelton turbines have great application prospects in the exploitation of high-head hydraulic resources.However,the hydro-abrasive erosion within its components is the major challenge.The Pelton turbine has a complex internal flow with transitions between multiple flow states.The chara…of the water-air-sand three-phase flow are still not clear when sediment is carried,and the research relevant is still insufficient at present.In this paper,the Euler…Lagrangian method is used to simulate the entire flow process of the sediment particles in Pelton turbines numerically.The hydraulic characteristics of the three-phase flow,the behavior of the sediment particles and the erosion?distribution are also analyzed in detail.Calculation result shows that the predicted motion characteristics of the particles are in good agreement with theoretical model,and the predicted abrasion distribution also matches well with the measured results.

关 键 词：冲击式水轮机 旋转水斗 水气沙三相流 泥沙磨损 数值计算 

分 类 号：TV136.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]