不同供钾水平下胡麻木质素代谢及其抗倒伏特性研究  

Lignin metabolism and lodging resistance characteristics of oil flax at different potassium levels

作　　者：刘玄 董宏伟 高玉红[2,3] 剡斌 崔政军 李玥[4] 吴兵[1,3] LIU Xuan;DONG Hongwei;GAO Yuhong;YAN Bin;CUI Zhengjun;LI Yue;WU Bing(College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Agronomy College,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Information Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州730070 [3]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,兰州730070 [4]甘肃农业大学信息科学技术学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2021年第5期821-832,共12页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760363,32060437);现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-14-1-16);甘肃农业大学伏羲杰出人才培育项目(Gaufx-02J05)资助。

摘　　要：为了探讨供钾水平对胡麻抗倒伏特性的调节机理,以‘陇亚11号(V1)’和‘定亚23号(V2)’为材料,设不施钾[K0,0 kg(K_(2)O)·hm^(-2)]、低钾[K1,30 kg(K_(2)O)·hm^(-2)]、中钾[K2,60 kg(K_(2)O)·hm^(-2)]和高钾[K3,90 kg(K_2O)·hm~(-2)]4个供钾水平,共8个处理的裂区试验,分析不同供钾水平对胡麻茎秆木质素含量、木质素合成相关酶活性、茎秆力学特性和抗倒伏指数及产量的影响。结果表明,不同供钾水平,植株物理性状与倒伏的关系主要体现在青果期至成熟期,胡麻抗倒伏指数与茎粗呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与株高和重心高度呈负相关。胡麻茎秆木质素含量随生育时期及供钾量不同而有所差异,苗期至盛花期,施钾后V1和V2木质素含量均在K2处理下较高;青果期至成熟期,K3处理下V1和V2木质素含量较K0处理平均显著增加17.68%和23.25%,其中,青果期不同品种、施钾及二者互作对木质素含量影响均达极显著水平(P<0.01)。K2处理提高了现蕾期—青果期胡麻茎秆的苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性及现蕾期V1品种酪氨酸解氨酶(TAL)活性,而K3处理提高了V2品种TAL活性;钾肥显著影响青果期胡麻茎秆肉桂醇脱氢酶(CAD)活性,2个品种CAD活性施钾较不施钾分别平均增高31.96%和12.09%;V1、V2品种过氧化物酶(POD)活性提升效应的适宜供钾量分别为K2、K1水平。V1品种茎秆抗折力和抗倒伏指数K2和K3处理较K0分别上升45.68%、48.90%和16.86%、31.92%,V2品种则分别上升84.32%、77.50%和1.89%、14.49%。相关分析表明,青果期,4种木质素合成相关酶与木质素和抗倒伏指数存在正相关。施钾后,2个品种均在K3处理下籽粒产量最高,分别较K0增产10.71%和17.77%,V1供钾处理间产量无显著差异,V2产量K2、K3处理较K0分别显著高出12.24%和17.77%。可见,品种是胡麻木质素积累进程中重要的影响因子,钾肥对木质素含量及其代谢相关酶活性具备一定的协同提升效应。在本试�To explore the effects of potassium supply on the lodging resistance of oil flax,split-plot experiments were conducted with the cultivars‘Longya No.11’(V1)and‘Dingya No.23’(V2)and four potassium(K2O)levels:no potassium[K0,0 kg(K_(2)O)·hm^(-2)],low potassium[K1,30 kg(K_(2)O)·hm^(-2)],medium potassium[K2,60 kg(K_(2)O)·hm^(-2)],and high potassium[K3,90 kg(K_(2)O)·hm^(-2)].The lignin content,lignin synthesis-related enzyme activities,stem mechanical properties,lodging resistance index of the stem,and yield of oil flax under different potassium supply levels were analyzed.The results showed that under different potassium levels,the relationships between the plant physical characteristics and lodging were mainly observed from the green fruit stage to the maturation stage.The lodging resistance index of oil flax was significantly positively correlated with culm diameter and negatively correlated with plant height and gravity center height.The lignin content of the oil flax stems changed during the growth period and with the potassium supply.The lignin content of V1 and V2 was higher in K2 treatment after potassium application from the seedling stage to the flower stage.Compared with that under K0 treatment,the lignin content of V1 and V2 under K3 treatment increased by 17.68%and 23.25%,respectively,from the green fruit stage to the maturation stage.The effects of cultivar,potassium application,and their interactions on the lignin content at the green fruit stage reached extreme significance(P<0.01).The K2 treatment increased the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL)activity of the stem from the budding stage to the green fruit stage and the tyrosine ammonia-lyase(TAL)activity of the V1 cultivar at the budding stage;the K3 treatment increased the TAL activity of the V2 cultivar.Potassium fertilizer significantly affected the cinnamon alcohol dehydrogenase(CAD)activity of the oil flax stem at the green fruit stage.Compared with that in the no potassium treatment,the CAD activity of two cultivars increased by 31.96%

关 键 词：胡麻 供钾水平 木质素 抗倒伏特性 籽粒产量 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学]