进口贸易、技术溢出的环境效应与工业大气污染——基于省级面板数据的中介路径分析  

Import Trade,Environmental Effects of Technology Spillovers and Industrial Air Pollution—Analysis of Mediating Path based on Provincial Panel Data

作　　者：丁日佳[1] 张诗悦 DING Rijia;ZHANG Shiyue(School of Management,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第3期22-37,共16页Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“移动式承压类特种设备风险防控与治理关键技术研究”(2017YFC0805600)。

摘　　要：中国正处于工业绿色转型的战略时期,工业大气污染作为重点治理对象,清洁环保型技术是降污排污的重要突破点,而进口贸易作为吸收国外先进治污技术的核心渠道,带来的技术溢出是否降低工业大气污染排放值得探索。基于2000—2017年中国30个省市的面板数据,以“规模—结构—技术”环境效应为传导路径,运用广义空间两阶段最小二乘法(GS2SLS)和逐步回归法考察进口贸易技术溢出对工业大气污染排放强度的中介效应。结果表明:(1)全国层面上,进口贸易技术溢出能够带来工业经济规模扩张效应、要素禀赋结构优化效应和工业技术进步效应三类环境效应,通过扩大规模、优化结构和提升技术进步显著影响工业大气污染排放;(2)进口贸易技术溢出与工业大气污染排放强度呈“正N形”特征,即随着资本品技术溢出水平不断增强,影响的主导力量遵循“规模扩张效应‒结构优化+技术进步效应‒环境回弹效应+阻滞自主创新”的路径,然而随着中间品技术溢出的增强,影响主导力量变化趋势为“规模扩张效应‒结构优化+技术进步效应‒环境回弹效应”;(3)区域层面,以技术溢出均值为标准,11个省市的进口贸易技术溢出因经济规模效应加重了污染排放强度;其余省市的要素禀赋结构优化效应和技术进步效应起到了节能减排作用。针对研究结论,认为应推动工业经济规模扩张与大气环境质量的协调发展,加强进口贸易技术溢出与自主创新的有机结合,因地制宜地扩大进口贸易的规模。China is in the strategic period of industrial green transformation.Industrial air pollution is the key target for treatment.Clean and environmentally friendly technologies are an important breakthrough in pollution reduction and emissions.Import trade is the core channel for absorbing foreign advanced pollution control technologies.Whether Import trade technology spillovers reduce industrial air pollution emissions is worth exploring.Based on the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2000 to 2017,using the“scale-structure-technology”environmental effects as the transmission path,the generalized spatial two-stage least square method(GS2SLS)and stepwise regression method are used to investigate if there are mediating effects between the technology spillover of import trade and intensity of industrial air pollution emissions.The results show that:(1)At the national level,import trade technology spillovers can bring about three types of environmental effects:the expansion effect of industrial economy,the optimization effect of factor endowment structure,and the effect of industrial technology progress.Through the expansion of scale,the optimization of structure and the improvement of technological progress,import trade technology spillovers have a significant impact on Industrial air pollution emissions;(2)Import trade technology spillovers and industrial air pollution emissions intensity show a“Nshape”,that is,as the level of capital goods technology spillovers continue to increase,the dominant force of influence follows the“scale expansion effect-structural optimization with technology progress effect-environmental rebound effect with blocking independent innovation”path.However,with the increase of intermediate product technology spillover,the trend of influencing the dominant force is“scale expansion effect-structural optimization with technological progress effect-environmental rebound effect”;(3)At the regional level,based on the average value of technology spillovers,technology s

关 键 词：进口贸易技术溢出 工业大气污染排放 经济规模扩张效应 要素禀赋结构优化效应 工业技术进步效应 

分 类 号：F752.61[经济管理—国际贸易]