大都市郊区土地利用时空演变特征与生境质量评价  

Spatiotemporal evolution of land use and habitat quality assessment in the suburbs of metropolitan

作　　者：石小伟 冯广京 苏培添 何改丽 邹逸江[7] 王小锋 Shi Xiaowei;Feng Guangjing;Su Peitian;He Gaili;Zou Yijiang;Wang Xiaofeng(College of Economics and Management,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;School of Public Administration and Law,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Research Center of Land Economy and Natural Resource Management,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;School of Economics and Management,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;School of Geography and Ocean Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Key Laboratory of the Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection of Ministry of Natural Resources,Nanjing 210023,China;Department of Geography and Spatial Information Technology,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Henan Geological Museum,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学经济管理学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]东北农业大学公共管理与法学院,哈尔滨150030 [3]东北农业大学土地经济与自然资源管理研究中心,哈尔滨150030 [4]浙江农林大学经济管理学院,杭州311300 [5]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京210023 [6]自然资源部海岸带开发与保护重点实验室,南京210023 [7]宁波大学地理与空间信息技术系,宁波315211 [8]河南省地质博物馆,郑州450046

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2021年第4期275-284,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41301110);国家社会科学基金项目(18VSJ041)。

摘　　要：为探究大都市郊区"土地利用-生境质量"可持续机制,以天津市郊区武清区为例,通过分析1980—2018年的土地利用数据,以In VEST模型对其进行Habitat Quality模块水平数值测度,研究京津都市圈发展对大都市郊区土地利用转型与生境质量的影响。研究结果:1)1980—2018年武清区土地利用类型以耕地为主导,但耕地面积下降明显,城镇用地和农村居民点用地面积快速增长,未利用地面积大幅缩减,林地和草地占比较小。2)武清区土地利用类型转换剧烈,耕地转移面积最大,林地和草地集中向城镇用地和农村居民点用地转移,水域集中转向耕地,城镇用地和农村居民点用地转移面积较大,未利用地转换面积较小,但转移概率最为剧烈。3)武清区土地利用综合动态度增长了2.87%,具体表现为城镇用地、农村居民点用地和水域的土地利用变化速率保持正向增长,耕地变化速率呈现负增长。4)总体上,武清区呈现出"城扩耕缩"、"人进草退"的态势,但局部年份也有"草进水进"的转态;武清区生境质量处于中等级,但中等级面积趋于下降,低等级生境质量面积趋于上升,较低等级面积较小且呈下降趋势,较高和高等级生境质量区面积趋于扩大;生境质量低值区以武清城区为核心集中分布,且零星分布于武清区东北、西北地区;生境质量高值区集中分布于武清区东部。研究表明:在我国推进新型城镇化发展,特别是加强跨区域都市圈建设中,应当严格保护大都市郊区生态源地,统筹调控大都市郊区生态安全分区,推进大都市郊区生态廊道和全域生态节点建设。Land normally serves as the carrier of urban and suburban districts in the spatial planning and development strategies.There is a great impact of land use structure on the habitat quality of urban suburbs in recent years.Taking the suburb of Wuqing District,Tianjin,China,as the research area,this study aims to evaluate the sustainable development of land use and habitat quality at the metropolis suburb.The data of land use was collected from 1980-2018.An InVEST model was used to determine the measure level of the habitat quality module.A numerical analysis was made in the habitat quality module to explore the change of land use transfer and land use dynamic degree in the key timeline.An attempt was made to clarify the integrated habitat degradation degree with land use and the evolution of habitat quality structure at the Beijing-Tianjin metropolitan suburb.A relationship model was established for the habitat quality and the spatiotemporal evolution of land use.The results showed that:(1)The type of land use in Wuqing District was dominated by the cultivated land during 1980-2018.Specifically,the area of farmland and unused land decreased significantly,whereas,the area of urban land and rural settlements increased rapidly.There was a relatively small proportion of woodland and grassland.(2)In land-use type transfer,there was the largest transfer area of cultivated land,followed by that of urban and rural residential land.The woodland and grassland shifted to the urban and rural residential land,whereas,the water area to the cultivated land.The unused land changed most.(3)In comprehensive land use dynamic degree(CLUDD),there was an increase in the change rate of land use for the urban land,rural residential land,and water areas,as well as a decrease in that of cultivated land.(4)There was a trend of"urban expansion and farmland contraction",and"human advancing and grass retreating",but in some years there was also a transition of"grass and water advancing".The habitat quality in Wuqing District was in the middle g

关 键 词：土地利用 生境退化度 生境质量 大都市郊区 武清区 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]