一种基于漏磁检测的钢轨伤损判定和计数方法  

A Method for Judging and Counting Rail Defects Based on Magnetic Flux Leakage Detection

作　　者：杨志强 王平[1] 贾银亮[1] 冀凯伦 石永生 YANG Zhi-qiang;WANG Ping;JIA Yin-liang;JI Kai-lun;SHI Yong-sheng(College of Automation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China;Infrastructure Inspection Research Institute,China Academe of Railway Science Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学自动化学院,江苏南京211106 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基础设施检测研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《测控技术》2021年第4期65-69,共5页Measurement & Control Technology

基　　金：科技部“重大科学仪器设备开发”专项(2016YFF0103702);国家自然科学基金重大仪器专项(61527803)。

摘　　要：为了快速有效地评估轨顶表面损伤状态,提出一种基于漏磁(Magnetic Flux Leakage,MFL)检测的钢轨伤损判定和计数方法。该方法使用自适应阈值法计算判伤阈值,减小了噪声对判伤结果的影响,并用整段MFL数据的峰峰值进行预判伤;根据峰值点位置选定判伤窗口,缩短了数据处理时间,利用窗口内数据的峰峰值进行伤损判定及数量统计,最终得到以米为单位的钢轨表面的伤损数量。通过有限元仿真验证了该方法的可行性,研究了固定磁轭提离条件下传感器提离与伤损信号的可区分间隔的关系。对人工标定伤损钢轨样例及自然伤损钢轨样例进行试验验证。试验结果表明,该伤损判定计算方法能快速、有效地检测出钢轨表面的伤损数量。To quickly and effectively evaluate the defect state of the rail top surface,a rail defect judgement and statistical method based on magnetic flux leakage(MFL)detection is proposed.This method used the adaptive method to calculate the threshold,which reduced the influence of noise on the result,and uses the peak-to-peak value of the entire MFL data to make a pre-juage.Then the judgement window was selected according to the peak position,which shortened the data processing time and judged the defect and the number of statistics according to the peak-to-peak value of the data in the window.Finally,the defect number of the rail surface in meters was obtained.Experiments were conducted on manually calibrated damaged rail samples and the natural damaged rail samples.The results show that the defect judgement method can quickly and effectively detect the defect number of the rail surface.

关 键 词：漏磁检测 伤损数量统计 峰值窗口定位 钢轨表面伤损 自适应阈值 

分 类 号：TP206[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]