潮汐电站机组变速运行特性研究  

Study on characteristics of variable speed operation for tidal power unit

作　　者：门闯社 南海鹏[1,2] 李国凤 罗兴锜[1,2] 郑小波[1,2] 刘东 MEN Chuangshe;NAN Haipeng;LI Guofeng;LUO Xingqi;ZHENG Xiaobo;LIU Dong(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China;School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China;Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048 [2]西安理工大学水利水电学院,陕西西安710048 [3]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《西安理工大学学报》2021年第1期90-95,共6页Journal of Xi'an University of Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFB1501900);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2019JQ-742);陕西省教育厅科研计划资助项目(19JK0570)。

摘　　要：针对潮汐电站水头变化频繁且变幅大、水轮机长时间偏离设计工况运行造成的机组运行效率和发电量低的问题,本文提出了一种变转速潮汐水轮发电机组,阐明了机组变速运行特性,分析了其效益。首先,基于水轮机模型综合特性曲线获得了其变速运行最优特性,在此基础上明确了机组在各水头和出力下最优转速的计算方法,为机组变速运行的控制提供了依据。其次,以江厦3号机组为例分析了机组变速运行的水轮机效率变化情况,机组正向运行效率最大提高23.39%,反向运行效率最大提高33.55%,说明变速运行可提高运行效率并改善运行工况。最后,比较了潮汐电站典型潮汐周期内机组变速运行发电量的变化情况,江厦电站3号机组发电量提高约3.65%,其中正向发电时长延长3 min,发电量提高0.97%,反向发电时长延长8 min,发电量提高10.40%,说明机组变速运行可延长发电时长、提高发电量。结果表明:机组变速运行是提高潮汐电站机组综合效益的有效途径。Tidal power units have been operating under off-design conditions for a long time,which results in low operation efficiency and low power generation.In this paper,one of variable speed tidal power units is proposed for solving this problem.Firstly,the optimal operation characteristics of variable speed unit are obtained on the basis of hydro-turbine model synthetic characteristic curves.On this basis,the optimal speed calculation method is proposed for each head and power,which provides a reference for the control of variable speed unit.Secondly,the turbine operation efficiency changes are analyzed on the case of Jiangxia Power Plant 3#unit.The efficiency can be increased by a maximum 23.39%at forward and 33.55%at reverse.This phenomenon reveals that variable speed operation can improve operation efficiency and ameliorate operation conditions.Finally,the power generation of variable speed tidal power unit is compared with conventional tidal power unit in a typical tidal cycle.The Jiangxia Power Plant 3#unit power generation can be increased by about 3.65%,in which the generating power is increased by 0.97%at forward and by 10.40%at reverse.The generating time is extended 3 min at forward and 8 min at reverse.This phenomenon illustrates that variable speed operation can prolong generation time and increase power generation,with the result that variable speed operation is an effective way to improve the comprehensive benefits for tidal power unit.

关 键 词：潮汐电站 发电量 运行效率 变速运行 

分 类 号：TK79[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]