工程用聚丙烯腈纤维为基体的羧酸纤维的制备  

Preparation of carboxylic acid fiber based on polyacrylonitrile engineering fiber

作　　者：樊亚玲 陈兆文 孙世操 刘大鑫 刘彦洋 白亚楠 苗雷 FAN Yaling;CHEN Zhaowen;SUN Shicao;LIU Daxin;LIU Yanyang;BAI Yanan;MIAO Lei(The 718th Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd.,Handan 056027)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶集团有限公司第七一八研究所,河北邯郸056027

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2021年第2期22-26,共5页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(19211207D)。

摘　　要：采用断裂强度为12.26 cN/dtex、玻璃化转变温度高于250℃的工程用聚丙烯腈纤维(PAN-EF)为基体纤维,通过二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和氢氧化钠(NaOH)混合水解制备羧基含量(M_(COOH))高且力学性能好的PAN-EF基羧酸纤维(PAN-EF-COOH),探讨了DMSO浓度、反应温度和反应时间对纤维水解效果的影响。结果表明:加入溶胀剂DMSO,可以降低PAN-EF在碱性条件下的水解难度;随着DMSO浓度增加、反应温度提高、反应时间延长,PAN-EF-COOH的M_(COOH)显著增大,但断裂强度逐渐降低;PAN-EF在NaOH质量分数0.1%、DMSO体积分数50%、反应温度120℃、反应时间2.5 h条件下水解,可以获得M_(COOH)较高且力学性能好的羧酸型纤维PAN-EF-COOH,纤维M_(COOH)为2.00 mmol/g、断裂强度为9.92 cN/dtex。A polyacrylonitrile engineering fiber-based carboxylic acid fiber(PAN-EF-COOH)with high carboxyl group content(M_(COOH))and good mechanical properties was prepared by the hydrolysis of dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO)and sodium hydroxide(NaOH)based on PAN-EF fiber with breaking strength of 12.26 cN/dtex and glass transition temperature higher than 250℃.The effects of DMSO concentration,reaction temperature and reaction time on the hydrolysis of fiber were discussed.The results showed that the introduction of swelling agent DMSO can reduce the hydrolysis difficulty of PAN-EF in alkaline condition;the M_(COOH)of PAN-EF-COOH increased significantly,but the breaking strength decreased gradually with the increase of DMSO concentration,reaction temperature and reaction time;PAN-EF-COOH fiber with high M_(COOH)and good mechanical properties can be obtained with the M_(COOH)of 2.00 mmol/g and breaking strength of 9.92 cN/dtex by the hydrolysis of PAN-EF under the conditions of 0.1%NaOH by mass fraction,50%DMSO by volume fraction,reaction temperature 120℃and reaction time 2.5 h.

关 键 词：聚丙烯腈纤维 羧酸纤维 水解 溶胀剂 羧基含量 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ342.84[化学工程—化纤工业]