叶面喷施沼液肥对温室香瓜茄叶片光合特性、果实产量和品质的影响  

Effect of biogas slurry foliar spraying on leaf photosynthesis characteristics,fruit yield and quality of pepino in greenhouse

作　　者：陈年来[1] 毛昊昊 陈思瑾 魏玉珍[1] 方三叶 CHEN Nianlai;MAO Haohao;CHEN Sijin;WEI Yuzhen;FANG Sanye(College of Resource and Environmental Science,Gansu Agricutural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricutural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Gansu Fangzheng Energy-saving Technology Company for Organic Farming,Zhangye 734300,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学生命科学与技术学院,兰州730070 [3]甘肃方正节能科技服务有限公司,甘肃张掖734300

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2021年第4期88-93,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：甘肃省高等学校产业支撑计划项目(2020C-39)。

摘　　要：以香瓜茄为材料,在日光温室条件下,于果实发育期叶面喷施沼液肥,研究沼液肥施用浓度及其与土壤追肥配合对香瓜茄叶片光合特性和果实产量与品质的影响。结果表明,稀释100倍沼液肥处理的叶片总氮和叶绿素质量分数分别为35.7 g·kg^(-1)和1.129 mg·g^(-1),显著高于稀释400倍沼液肥的处理和对照,沼液肥配合土壤追肥时叶片总氮和叶绿素质量分数明显高于只喷施沼液肥的。香瓜茄果实膨大期叶片净光合速率高于开花期和果实成熟期,叶面喷施沼液肥后叶片平均Pn(10.2μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))显著高于对照(7.88μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)),沼液肥配合土壤追肥的Pn(10.30μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))显著高于单喷沼液肥处理(8.94μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))。叶面喷施中,高浓度沼液肥能显著提高香瓜茄果实产量和品质,两个土壤施肥处理平均单果质量比对照分别增加16.8%和22.2%,小区产量提高18.9%和30.4%,果肉硬度提高13.9%和23.2%,可溶性固形物含量增加6.9%和15.3%,喷施沼液肥结合土壤追肥处理的效果优于单喷沼液肥。香瓜茄果实生育期配合土壤追肥的沼液适宜喷施浓度为浓缩沼液稀释100倍。In order to investigate the effect of application concentration of biogas slurry foliar and its combination with soil topdressing on leaf photosynthesis and fruit production of pepino in greenhouse,pepion was used as material in this research,biogas slurry fertilizer was sprayed on the leaf surface during the fruit growth period in the greenhouse.The results showed that the total nitrogen and chlorophyll contents(35.7 g·kg^(-1),1.129 mg·g^(-1))in the leaves were decreased notably at fruit ripening stage after treated by 100×biogas slurry foliar,which were significantly higher than those in plants sprayed with 400×biogas slurry foliar and the control.The total nitrogen and chlorophyll contents in plants treated with biogas slurry foliar spraying combined with chemical fertilizer topdressing were significantly higher than those treated with biogas slurry spraying only.The carotene contents of the leaves showed a similar pattern as with the chlorophyll.The net photosynthetic rate(Pn)reached a peak of 10.82μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1) at the fruit expanding period,which was significantly higher than those of the flowering stage or fruit ripening stage.The Pn under the treatment of biogas slurry spraying(10.20μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))was significantly higher than that of the control(7.88μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)),the Pn after treated by biogas slurry spraying combined chemical fertilizer topdressing(10.30μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))was significantly higher than that of the biogas slurry spraying(8.94μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))only.Leaf spraying of biogas slurry at high or middle concentrations significantly increased the fruit yield and quality,the fruit weights were increased by 16.8%and 22.2%respectively,and the plot fruit yields were increased by 18.9%and 30.4%,the flesh firmness were increased by 13.9%and 23.2%,the total soluble solids contents were increased by 6.9%and 15.3%.The fruit weight,plot fruit yield,flesh firmness and soluble solids content under the treament of biogas slurry spraying combined with chemical fertilizer topdre

关 键 词：香瓜茄 沼液喷肥 光合特性 果实产量 果实品质 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]