不同栽培基质对温室茭白幼苗生长及光合特性的影响  

Effects of different culture media on growth and photosynthesis of Zizania aquatica seedlings in greenhouse

作　　者：李通 武占会[1,2] 王宝驹 王丽萍[3] 刘子英 佟静 LI Tong;WU Zhanhui;WANG Baoju;WANG Liping;LIU Ziying;TONG Jing(National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables,Beijing Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;Key Laboratory of North China Urban Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100097,China;College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心,北京100097 [2]农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室,北京100097 [3]河北工程大学园林与生态工程学院,河北邯郸056038

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2021年第4期99-104,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-24-B-02);土壤污染与生态修复工程(S2018402001)。

摘　　要：为筛选出以椰糠为基础并适合茭白幼苗的栽培基质,以茭白浙茭2号为试材,以普通土壤、粗粒椰糠、细粒椰糠、珍珠岩为基质原料,按照不同体积配比设置5种栽培基质:普通土壤(CK)、粗粒椰糠(T1)、V粗粒椰糠:V珍珠岩=3:1(T2)、细粒椰糠(T3)、V细粒椰糠:V珍珠岩=3:1(T4),探究不同栽培基质对茭白幼苗生长及光合特性的影响。结果表明,T2处理茭白幼苗株高可达130.28 cm、叶长可达99.89 cm;总叶绿素质量分数为5.28 mg·g^(-1),较CK处理提高7.32%;净光合速率为17.75μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),较CK高出35.91%;光化学淬灭系数较CK高17.65%,非光化学淬灭系数较CK低63.33%;T2处理茭白幼苗植株地上部鲜质量可达107.97 g,较CK高205.52%;地下部鲜质量可达102.82 g,较CK高263.45%。综上所述,选用V粗粒椰糠:V珍珠岩=3:1基质处理的茭白幼苗植物学性状和叶片光合参数整体表现最优,可作为适合茭白幼苗的推荐基质。In order to select the suitable culture medium based on coconut bran,Zizania aquatica‘Zhejiao 2’was used as the test material,common soil,coarse-grained coconut bran,fine-grained coconut bran and perlite were used as the substrate materials,five cultivation substrates were set according to different volume ratios:common soil(CK),coarse-grained coconut bran(T1),V coarse-grained coconut bran∶V perlite=3∶1(T2),fine-grained coconut bran(T3),V fine-grained coconut bran∶V Perlite=3∶1(T4),the effects of different cultivation media on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Zizania aquatica seedlings were investigated.The results showed that the plant height of Zizania aquatica seedlings treated with T2 was up to 130.28 cm,the leaf length was up to 99.89 cm,the total chlorophyll content was 5.28 mg·g^(-1),which was 7.32%higher than that of CK treatment,and the net photosynthesis rate was 17.75μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),which was 35.91%higher than CK,the photochemical quenching coefficient was 17.65%higher than CK,the non-photochemical quenching coefficient was 63.33%lower than CK;The fresh weight of overground of Zizania aquatica seedlings with T2 was up to 107.97 g,which was 205.52%higher than CK,and the fresh weight below the ground was up to 102.82 g,which was 263.45%higher than CK.In conclusion,the plant characters and leaf photosynthetic parameters of Zizania aquatica seedlings treated with V coarse-grained coconut bran∶V perlite=3∶1 were found the best performance,which could be used as the recommended substrate for Zizania aquatica seedlings.

关 键 词：茭白 椰糠 珍珠岩 光合参数 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S645.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]