基于ms1轮回选择的大豆新品系农艺性状综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation on Agronomic Traits of New Soybean Lines Based on MS1 Recurrent Selection

作　　者：赵志刚[1] 姬月梅[1] 连金番[1] 罗瑞萍[1] 张娇 沈静 ZHAO Zhi-gang;JI Yue-mei;LIAN Jin-pan;LUO Rui-ping;ZHANG Jiao;SHEN jing(Crop Institute of Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry,Yinchuan 750002,China;Ningxia Seed Management Station,Yinchuan 750001,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏种子管理站,宁夏银川750001

出　　处：《大豆科学》2021年第2期201-208,共8页Soybean Science

基　　金：宁夏农林科学院科技创新引导项目(NKYJ-19-02);宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金(2020AAC03309);国家大豆产业技术体系支撑项目(CARS-04)。

摘　　要：为了加快大豆育种进程,选育出适合宁夏地区种植的大豆优良品种,对基于ms1轮回选择得到的40份春大豆新品系的11个主要农艺性状进行遗传变异、相关性、主成分和聚类分析,以对其农艺性状做出综合评价。结果表明:各农艺性状存在较为丰富的变异,其中有效分枝的变异系数最大(60.59%),生育天数的变异系数最小(5.2%)。变异系数指标由大到小顺序依次为:有效分枝数>分枝数>单株产量>单株粒数>底荚高>单株有效荚数>单株荚数>株高>主茎节数>百粒重。相关性分析结果显示,各农艺性状之间存在一定的相关性,大豆单株产量与株高、主茎节数、有效分枝数、单株荚数、单株有效荚数、单株粒数呈极显著正相关(r=0.402 6)。聚类分析表明,在遗传距离为45处,40份品系可以分为两大类群。第Ⅰ类群有5个品种,该类群生育天数140~141 d,晚熟品种,产量较高,株高偏高、有效分枝数、单株有效荚数、单株粒数较多,生育日数长,该类群品种适合在宁夏引黄灌区作为晚熟高产品种单作栽培种植。第Ⅱ类群有35个品种,该类群生育天数130~136 d,植株较矮、分枝少、生育日数较短,适合宁夏灌区及南部山区单作密植栽培,也可作为与小麦、玉米、西瓜、果树等作物间作套种种植的品种。主成分分析表明,5个主因子累计贡献率达到93.92%;综合评价得分排序表明,前3位的分别为13LD-222、12LD-89和17LD-46,尤其是产量性状表现突出,与试验应用结果表现出较好的吻合性。最终筛选出适合宁夏引黄灌区以及南北山区单种和宁夏间套作种植的优良品系13LD-222和12LD-89。In order to speed up the soybean breeding process and select the excellent soybean varieties suitable for planting in Ningxia, we took 40 new spring soybean lines selected based on ms1 recurrent selection as materials in this study and comprehesively evaluated the 11 agronomic traits of these lines by variability, correlation, principal component and cluster analysis. The results showed that there were rich variations in each agronomic traits, the variation coefficient of effective branch was the largest(60.59%), and the variation coefficient of growth days was the smallest(5.2%). The order of coefficient of variation was effective branches number > branches number > yield per plant > seed number per plant > bottom pod height > effective pods number per plant > pods number per plant > plant height > nodes number of main stem > 100-seed weight. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a certain correlation between agronomic traits. The yield per plant was significantly positively correlated with plant height, node number of main stem, effective branch number, pod number per plant, effective pod number per plant and seed number per plant(r=0.402 6). Cluster analysis showed that the tested 40 lines could be divided into two groups at the genetic distance of 45. There were 5 lines in the first group. The growth days of this group were 140-141 d. The late maturing lines had higher yield, higher plant height, more effective branches, more effective pods per plant, more seeds per plant, and longer growth days. These lines were suitable for monoculture cultivation as late maturing high product varieties in Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area. There were 35 lines in the second group with the growth days of 130-136 d. They had lower plant height, fewer branches, and shorter growth days. They were suitable for monoculture and close planting in Ningxia irrigation area and southern mountainous area. They could also be used as intercropping varieties with wheat, corn, watermelon, fruit tree and other crops. P

关 键 词：大豆 ms1轮回选择 因子分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]