超早熟芽豆新品种黑科77号的选育及应用  

Breeding and Application of New Super Early Maturing Bud Soybean Variety Heike 77

作　　者：韩德志[1] 闫洪睿[1] 张雷[1] 鹿文成[1] 梁吉利[1] 闫晓飞 贾鸿昌[1] HAN De-zhi;YAN Hong-rui;ZHANG Lei;LU Wen-cheng;LIANG Ji-li;YAN Xiao-fei;JIA Hong-chang(Heihe Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Heihe 164300.China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院黑河分院,黑龙江黑河164300

出　　处：《大豆科学》2021年第2期279-284,共6页Soybean Science

基　　金：十三五重点研发计划(2016YFD0100201);大豆产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-04-05B);黑龙江省“百千万”工程科技重大专项(2019ZX16B01);大豆优异品种创制及高产高效栽培配套技术集成(HNK2019CX01)。

摘　　要：黑科77号是黑龙江省农业科学院黑河分院运用快中子辐射育种与常规杂交育种相结合选育而成,在适应生态区出苗至成熟100 d左右,需≥10℃活动积温2 000℃左右。该品种为亚有限生长习性,株高70 cm左右,强分枝,百粒重9 g左右,产芽率高。两年品质分析平均结果为蛋白含量42.97%,脂肪含量16.71%。三年抗病鉴定结果为中抗灰斑病。适合黑龙江省第五积温带下限及六积温带上限种植。通过遗传系谱分析,黑科77号细胞质基因组成来源于克山白眉,通过紫花四号、丰收1号、黑河54、黑河4号、黑河9号完成传递。黑科77号细胞核基因来源自3份外国外优异种质,分别是日本的十胜长叶、俄罗斯的优比列和Minmax;5份东北地区的骨干材料分别是克山白眉、蓑衣领、四粒荚、元宝株和紫花四号。黑科77的圆叶、小粒优异基因来自于父本Minmax。黑科77号的产芽比极显著高于东农690和黑河43,适用于豆芽生产,具有较好的经济效益。Heike 77 was cultivated through a combination of fast neutron radiation breeding and conventional breeding by Heihe Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It is about 100 d from seedling emergence to mature growth in the adaptive area, and the required cumulative active temperature of greater than 10 ℃ is about 2 000 ℃.The plant is about 70 cm height with multiple branches, the 100-seed weight is about 9 g, and with high bean sprout creation rate. Results of average quality analysis in two years were 42.97% protein content, and 16.71% fat content. Identification results of disease resistance inoculation in three years showed medium resistance to gray spot of soybean. This variety is suitable for lower temperature region of the 5 th accumulative temperate zone and higher temperature region of the 6 th accumulative temperature zone in Heilongjiang Province. Through genealogical analysis, the cytoplasmic genetic composition of Heike was derived from Keshanbaimei and transmitted through Zihuasihao, Harvest 1, Heihe 54, Heihe 4 and Heihe 9. Heike 77 nuclear genes derived from three main parents were Japan Tokachi-Nagaha, Russia Youbilie and Minmax, and 5 native breeds in northeast China was Keshanbaimei, Suoyiling, Silijia, Yuanbaozhu, Zihuasihao as well as local varieties of different periods, respectively. The elite genes of round leaf and small seed of Heike 77 came from the male parent Minmax.The germination ratio of Heihe 77 was very significantly higher than Donong 690 and Heihe 43, suitable for sprout production, and has good economic benefits.

关 键 词：黑科77号 遗传背景 选育 芽用 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]