阳离子聚合物抗菌性能影响因素的研究进展  

Research Progress of Influence Factor of Cationic Antibacterial Polymers

作　　者：郭江娜[1] 史洁 汪梦瑶 冒海蕾[2] 严锋[1] GUO Jiangna;SHI Jie;WANG Mengyao;MAO Hailei;YAN Feng(College of Chemistry,Chemical Engineering and Materials Science,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,China;Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine,Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学材料与化学化工学部,江苏苏州215123 [2]复旦大学附属中山医院麻醉与重症医学科,上海200032

出　　处：《南通大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期1-13,共13页Journal of Nantong University(Natural Science Edition)　

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21835005,U1862109,21704071,51973041);上海市自然科学基金项目(19ZR1408800)。

摘　　要：细菌感染是严重威胁人类健康的全球性问题,而耐药菌的出现及细菌耐药性的增加加剧了细菌感染治疗的难度。高效低毒、不产生耐药性的抗菌材料(或抗生素)成为迫切需求。阳离子聚合物是结构中含有阳离子基团的一类聚合物材料,特殊的离子结构赋予其特殊的物理化学性质,受到研究人员的广泛关注。阳离子聚合物中的阳离子结构可以与细菌电负性的细胞膜产生静电结合,同时其疏水链段可以插入细胞膜的磷脂双分子层扰动细胞膜,并最终导致细菌死亡;此外,其结构的可设计性使得研究人员能够通过设计其阴、阳离子的结构或种类获得抗菌性能可调的抗菌材料。文章主要总结了阳离子化学结构、阴离子结构、疏水链结构和电荷密度、功能性基团等因素对阳离子聚合物抗菌性能的影响,研究发现通过调节阳离子聚合物的结构可以实现其抗菌性能的可控调节。Bacterial infections seriously threatens human health which has become a global problem,while the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and the gradual increase of drug resistance have exacerbated this problem.Therefore,antibacterial materials or antibiotics with high antibacterial efficiency and low toxicity and without drug resistance are urgently needed.Cationic polymers with cationic groups in the structures enjoy special physicochemical properties,which have attracted wide academic attention.The cationic groups in the cationic polymers can electro statically bind to the electro-negative bacterial cell membrane,simultaneously the hydrophobic chains of cationic polymers can insert into the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membranes,disturbing the cell membranes,which leads to the bacteria′s death.Moreover,the structural designability of cationic polymers makes it possible to obtain antibacterial materials with adjustable antibacterial properties by adjusting its cationic and anionic structure and composition.This study mainly summarized the influence of cationic structure,anionic structure,hydrophobic chain,electric density and functional groups on cationic antibacterial polymers,it reveals that adjusting its cationic structure makes antibacterial properties adjustable.

关 键 词：阳离子聚合物 抗菌性能 阳离子 阴离子 功能基团 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学]