盐碱、温度及其互作对丹参种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of salinity,alkalinity,temperature,and their interactions on seed germination and seedling growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza

作　　者：郭猛 黄勇[1] 李贺敏[1] 张红瑞[1] 周艳[1] 高致明[1] 丁梦瑶 GUO Meng;HUANG Yong;LI Hemin;ZHANG Hongrui;ZHOU Yan;GAO Zhiming;DING Mengyao(Agricultural college of Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450018,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450018

出　　处：《草业科学》2021年第4期664-672,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31701370);河南省教育厅高等学校重点科研项目(19A210005);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(19CZ0116)。

摘　　要：丹参(Salvia miltiorrhiza)是我国传统药用植物,本研究以丹参种子为试验材料,研究了两种变温(18℃/28℃和28℃/38℃)条件下,4种浓度(6.25、12.5、25、50 mmol·L^(−1))盐溶液和4种浓度(3.125、6.25、12.5、25 mmol·L^(−1))碱溶液对丹参种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:盐碱、温度及其互作对丹参种子萌发及幼苗生长均有显著影响(P<0.05)。18℃/28℃处理下的丹参种子萌发和幼苗生长状况均显著优于28℃/38℃处理(P<0.05)。在18℃/28℃条件下,6.25 mmol·L^(−1)盐溶液对丹参种子萌发有促进作用,其发芽率和发芽指数显著高于清水对照(P<0.05),相对盐害率显著低于清水对照(P<0.05),12.5 mmol·L^(−1)盐溶液和3.125 mmol·L^(−1)碱溶液对丹参种子发芽率、发芽指数和相对盐害率无显著影响(P>0.05),25和50 mmol·L^(−1)盐溶液以及6.25、12.5和25 mmol·L^(−1)碱溶液胁迫处理均显著降低丹参种子发芽率和发芽指数(P<0.05),增加相对盐害率(P<0.05);28℃/38℃条件下,6.25和12.5 mmol·L^(−1)盐溶液以及3.125和6.25 mmol·L^(−1)碱溶液胁迫对丹参种子发芽率、发芽势和相对盐害率无显著影响(P>0.05),25、50 mmol·L^(−1)盐溶液和12.5、25.0 mmol·L^(−1)碱溶液均显著降低丹参种子发芽率和发芽指数(P<0.05),增加相对盐害率(P<0.05)。盐胁迫和碱胁迫处理均显著抑制丹参苗长生长(P<0.05);两种变温条件下,6.25、12.5 mmol·L^(−1)盐溶液和3.125 mmol·L^(−1)碱溶液对丹参幼苗叶长生长无显著影响(P>0.05),25、50 mmol·L^(−1)盐溶液以及6.25、12.5和25 mmol·L^(−1)碱溶液均显著抑制叶长生长(P<0.05);18℃/28℃下6.25 mmol·L^(−1)盐溶液对幼苗叶宽生长有促进作用,除28℃/38℃下6.25 mmol·L^(−1)盐溶液和3.125 mmol·L^(−1)碱溶液对叶宽生长无显著影响(P>0.05)外,其余盐碱胁迫处理均显著抑制叶宽生长(P<0.05)。综上,盐碱、温度及其交互作用显著影响丹参种子萌发和�Salviae miltiorrhizae is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant.The effects of four concentrations(6.25,12.5,25,and 50 mmol·L^(−1))of salt solution and four concentrations(3.125,6.25,12.5,and 25 mmol·L^(−1))of alkali solution on seed germination and seedling growth of S.miltiorrhiza seeds were studied under two varying temperatures(18℃/28℃and 28℃/38℃).Salinity,alkalinity,temperature,and their interactions had significant effects on the seed germination and seedling growth of S.miltiorrhiza(P<0.05).Seed germination and seedling growth were significantly higher under 18℃/28℃than 28℃/38℃(P<0.05).Under 18℃/28℃and 6.25 mmol·L^(−1) salt solution,germination of S.miltiorrhiza was stimulated,with a significantly higher germination percentage and germination index than under water control(P<0.05).Additionally,the relative salt damage rate was significantly lower than under water control(P<0.05).There was no significant effect of 12.5 mmol·L^(−1) salt solution and 3.125 mmol·L^(−1) alkali solution on S.miltiorrhiza seed germination rate,germination index,and relative salt damage rate(P>0.05).The germination rate and germination index of S.miltiorrhiza were decreased significantly under salt solution at 25 and 50 mmol·L^(−1)and alkali solution at 6.25,12.5 and 25 mmol·L^(−1)(P<0.05),and the salt damage rate increased.Under 28℃/38℃,salt solution at 6.25 and 12.5 mmol·L^(−1) and alkali solution at 3.125 and 6.25 mmol·L^(−1) had no significant influence on the germination rate,germination potential,and relative salt damage rate of S.miltiorrhiza(P>0.05).Salt solution at 25 and 50 mmol·L^(−1) as well as alkali solution at 12.5 and 25 mmol·L^(−1) significantly reduced the germination rate and germination index of S.miltiorrhiza(P<0.05)and increased the relative salt damage rate.Salt and alkali stress inhibited root growth of S.miltiorrhiza seedlings significantly(P<0.05).Under the two different temperature conditions,salt solution at 6.25 and 12.5 mmol·L^(−1) and alkali

关 键 词：盐碱胁迫 温度 丹参 种子 发芽率 幼苗 

分 类 号：S567.53[农业科学—中草药栽培]