特朗普政府掏空一个中国政策的危害--兼论拜登政府的对台政策  

America’s Hollowing out of Its“One China”policy Has Made Taiwan Less Secure

作　　者：张文宗[1] 张磊[1] Zhang Wenzong;Zhang Lei(the Institute of American Studies,CICIR)

机构地区：[1]中国现代国际关系研究院美国研究所

出　　处：《和平与发展》2021年第2期1-17,134,138-142,共23页Peace and Development

摘　　要：美国的一个中国政策在维系中美关系的同时,也是阻挠中国实现完全统一的重要因素。特朗普政府在策动对华“新冷战”的过程中,试图全面抛弃该政策,如提升对台高官交往层级、改变对台军售模式,并在执政末期宣布“取消美台交往的一切限制”等。这类掏空一个中国政策的动作,服务其遏华战略,得到美国国会的支持和台湾民进党当局的配合,迫使中国政府显著加大遏制“台独”的力度,中美关系和两岸关系均持续恶化。拜登政府声称延续一个中国政策,但在美国继续实施对华全面竞争战略和美国国内亲台反华势力活跃的背景下,相关政策将使“一中”内涵更加空心化,中美围绕台湾问题的博弈将使台海形势更加复杂严峻。While maintaining the relationship between China and the United States, the "One China" policy practiced by the US has been a major factor that obstructs the complete unification of China. Under such a policy, the US recognizes the People’s Republic of China, while holding "no position" on Taiwan’s sovereignty. However, the US has tried to maintain a situation of "no unification, no independence and no application of military forces" across the Taiwan Strait through political, economic, military and diplomatic means to prevent the unification of China at minimal cost. In the process of instigating a "new cold war" against China, the Trump administration once tried to abandon this policy, as seen in its efforts to raise the level of exchanges between senior officials of the US and Taiwan, change the mode of arms sales to Taiwan, and express support for Taiwan’s return to the United Nations. Before Trump left office, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo argued "Taiwan has never been a part of China", and declared "to lift all restrictions on contact between US and Taiwan officials" in an attempt to create a major crisis in China-US relations on the question of Taiwan, and set a hard-line policy tone of anti-China and pro-Taiwan for the incoming US administration. This hollowing out of its "One China" policy served the US strategy of containing China, which enjoyed the support of the US Congress and the cooperation of the DPP authority in Taiwan.

关 键 词：特朗普 拜登 中国大陆 台湾 美台关系 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]