总氨态氮和pH对菲律宾蛤仔“斑马蛤2号”品系幼贝潜沙的影响  

Effects of total ammonia nitrogen content and pH on burrowing of juvenile“Zebra 2”strain of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum

作　　者：马倩颖 杨凤 霍忠明 赵雯 闫喜武 MA Qianying;YANG Feng;HUO Zhongming;ZHAO Wen;YAN Xiwu(College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;Engineering Research Center of Shellfish Culture and Breeding in Liaoning Province, Dalian 116023, China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]辽宁省贝类良种繁育工程技术研究中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2021年第2期289-294,共6页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新项目”(2018YFD0901404,2019YFD0900704);国家贝类产业技术体系专项(CARS-49);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC1807271);辽宁省高等学校海洋产业技术研究院项目(2018-CY-31);大连市支持高层次人才创新创业项目(2017RQ062)。

摘　　要：为研究总氨态氮(TAN)和pH对菲律宾蛤仔Ruditapes philippinarum“斑马蛤2号”(简称“Zebra 2”)品系幼贝潜沙的影响,在实验室内以天然海水为对照,研究了不同TAN质量浓度(0.12、0.51、1.03、1.64、2.93、5.93、12.30、28.00、54.90 mg/L)和pH(7.00、7.31、7.55、7.77、8.15、8.27、8.54、8.81、9.09)对“Zebra 2”蛤仔幼贝(壳长为4.78 mm±0.60 mm)潜沙的影响。结果表明:TAN胁迫试验显示,在水温20.7℃、盐度29和pH 8.12条件下,ρ(TAN)≤54.90 mg/L时对幼贝竖壳ET5无显著性影响(P>0.05),对竖壳ET50和潜沙ET50的最大毒物允许浓度(MATC)为28.00~54.90 mg/L,对潜沙ET100的MATC为0.51~1.03 mg/L,对24 h潜沙率的MATC为5.93~12.30 mg/L;pH胁迫试验显示,在水温27.1℃、盐度22.8及pH 7.00~9.09条件下,幼贝均能潜沙,但不同pH条件下潜沙速度有差异,pH为7.00~9.09时对幼贝竖壳ET5无显著性影响(P>0.05),pH为7.55~9.09时对竖壳ET50无影响,pH为7.31~9.09时对潜沙ET50无影响,pH为7.31~8.27时对潜沙ET100无影响,pH为7.00~9.09时对24 h潜沙率无显著性影响(P>0.05)。研究表明:适宜“Zebra 2”蛤仔幼贝潜沙ET100的TAN为0.12~0.51 mg/L或pH为7.31~8.27;pH为7.00~9.09时对蛤仔幼贝24 h潜沙率无影响,而TAN≥28.00 mg/L时导致其24 h潜沙率明显下降。The effects of total ammonia nitrogen(TAN)concentration and pH on burrowing of“Zebra 2”strain of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum were investigated in a laboratory.The“Zebra 2”strain with shell length of(4.78±0.60)mm were held in a 2 L polyethylene bucket with 5 cm sand at bottom and 15 cm depth water and exposed to total ammonia nitrogen concentration of 0.12(control),0.51,1.03,1.64,2.93,5.93,12.30,28.00,and 54.90 mg/L prepared by reagent ammonium chloride at water temperature of 20.7℃and pH of 8.12 or pH values of 7.00,7.31,7.55,7.77,8.15,8.27,8.54,8.81 and 9.09 at water temperature of 27.1℃for 24 h to probe into the effects of total ammonia nitrogen(TAN)concentration and pH regulated by NaOH and HCl on burrowing of“Zebra 2”strain.The results showed that no significant effect on juvenile vertical shell ET5(The time required for 5%of the tested juveniles to fall on the surface of the sand to the erection of the shell)(P>0.05)was found at TAN concentration of≤54.90 mg/L,and that the maximum acceptable toxicant concentration(MATC)of vertical shell ET50,and burrowing ET50(The time required for 50%of the tested juveniles to be fully burrowed into the sediment)was 28.00-54.90 mg/L,and that ET100(The time required for 100%of the tested juveniles to be fully burrowed into the sediment)was 0.51-1.03 mg/L,with the MATC of 5.93-12.30 mg/L for 24 h burrowing rate.The“Zebra 2”juveniles were all buried in the sand at 27.1℃,22.8 salinity,and pH from 7.00 to 9.09,with different speed of burrowing at different pH values.No significant effect on the ET5 of the juvenile vertical shell was observed at pH from 7.00 to 9.09,no impact on the vertical shell ET50 at range of 7.55-9.09,no impact on the ET50 of the buried sand at pH range of 7.31-9.09 and no effect on the ET100 of the buried sand at pH range of 7.31-8.27.No obvious effect on the 24 h burrowing rate was found at pH range of 7.00-9.09.In conclusion,the“Zebra 2”clam juveniles had best ET100 at TAN of 0.12-0.51 mg/L or pH 7.31-8.27 without sig

关 键 词：总氨态氮 PH “斑马蛤2号”品系 幼贝 潜沙 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]