基于专利分析的设施水产养殖发展现状与态势研究  

Development trends in facility aquaculture based on patent analysis

作　　者：刘晃[1] 龙丽娜[1] 林祥明 LIU Huang;LONG Lina;LIN Xiangming(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200092,China;Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Beijing 100141,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,上海200092 [2]中国水产科学研究院,北京100141

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2021年第4期517-527,共11页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：上海市企事业专利工作示范单位项目(2019030A事03)。

摘　　要：设施水产养殖是中国发展环境友好型养殖业的重要途径。为全面掌握设施水产养殖的研发重点和发展态势,该研究以设施水产养殖所涉及的全球专利数据为样本,采用文献计量学方法,对全球专利概况、专利技术生命周期、技术主题、创新主体和重点专利进行了分析。结果表明,全球范围内中国的专利申请数量最多,占比高达79.49%,但核心专利的数量较少,主要被美国、以色列、澳大利亚、荷兰等国掌握。A01K63(装活鱼的容器,例如水族槽)和A01K61(鱼类、贻贝、蜊蛄、龙虾、海绵、珍珠等的养殖)是主要的技术热点领域。当前全球设施水产养殖领域的专利技术研发均处于快速发展期,其中中国从2011年步入快速发展阶段,该时期企业的专利申请量呈现快速上升趋势,显著超过科研机构(包括高校和科研院所),成为最重要的创新主体,然而其他国家和地区近20年的创新主体均以企业为主。通过上述分析明确了中国设施水产养殖技术的发展现状和存在的不足,可为中国设施水产养殖的发展提供参考。The rapid development of China’s aquaculture industry is inseparable from the development and promotion of the facility aquaculture industry,which is also an important guarantee for the development of environmentally friendly aquaculture in China.To fully grasp the development trend of the facility aquaculture industry,the overall situation of global patents,patented technology life cycles,patent technology field,innovative entities,and key patents was analyzed using bibliometric methods.Patent application data were used for analysis,and the retrieval time was December 8,2020,on the PatSnap platform,based on the keywords and international patent classification(IPC)numbers.Invention patents were the main patent type(56.61%).The number of patent applications in China was the largest,accounting for 79.49%globally,followed by Japan(6.42%),Korea(4.82%),and the United States(3.03%).However,the number and layout of core patents were relatively small in China and were mainly dominated by the United States,Israel,Australia,the Netherlands,and other countries.At present,the research and development of patented technologies in the field of facility aquaculture are in a phase of rapid development.China entered this rapid development stage in 2011.During this time,the number of patent applications by enterprises has increased rapidly and has significantly exceeded those submitted by scientific research organizations,including universities and scientific research institutes.Thus,enterprises have become the most important innovation entity in the field of facility aquaculture in China.The main innovation entities in other countries and regions globally have been dominated by"enterprises",and the main patent applicants in the past two decades have also been"enterprises".Technical research and development in the field of facility aquaculture in China is mainly concentrated in A01 K63(containers for live fish,such as aquarium tanks)and A01 K61(aquaculture of,for example,fish,mussels,crickets,lobster,sponges,and pearls),which acc

关 键 词：设施水产养殖 专利分析 创新主体 文献计量学 

分 类 号：S969[农业科学—水产养殖]