中美生猪养殖管理与生物安全操作情况对比  

Comparative Analysis on Pig Production Management and Bio-safety Operation Between China and the United States

作　　者：贾智宁[1] 翟海华[1] 苏红 崔进 王伟涛[1] 李昂[1] 周宏鹏[1] 李卫华[1] 滕翔雁[1] Jia Zhining;Zhai Haihua;Su Hong;Cui Jin;Wang Weitao;Li Ang;Zhou Hongpeng;Li Weihua;Teng Xiangyan(China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao,Shandong 266032,China)

机构地区：[1]中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,山东青岛266032

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2021年第5期37-42,118,共7页China Animal Health Inspection

摘　　要：为探索中美在生猪养殖管理与生物安全操作方面的差异,对全国19个省、自治区、直辖市生猪养殖场的生猪生产和生物安全操作情况进行问卷调查,并与美国爱荷华州立大学的“美国猪肉生产商生物安全与健康管理调查”结果进行比较,分析了我国生猪养殖环节在养殖经营模式、生物安全实践和从业人员能力素质等方面存在的问题,包括:我国生猪养殖场仍旧以自繁自养为主,规模化、集约化和专业化程度等与美国仍有一定差距;猪场生物安全隔离控制措施仍待加强,猪场从业人员的专业化和设施设备信息化水平仍待提高。同时,针对性提出了提升规模化标准化水平、完善配套法律规范、促进人才引进和新技术推广等对策建议。In order to seek for the gap in pig production management and bio-safety operation between China and the United States,a questionnaire investigation on pig production and bio-safety operation was conducted in swine farms in 19 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities,from which the results were compared with those of“Investigation on Bio-safety and Health Management of Pork Producers in the United States”by Iowa State University,the problems in pig production mode,bio-safety practices and competence of operators during the production process in China were subsequently analyzed,including a certain gap in the levels of large scale,intensification and professionalization due to most of self-supportive farms in China;poor bio-safety quarantine and control measures and lower levels of professionalization of operators and informatization of facilities and equipment.Meanwhile,targeted suggestions were put forward,such as improving the levels of standardization and large scale,developing supporting legal norms,promoting introduction of professionals and extending new technologies.

关 键 词：生猪 养殖 生物安全 中美 

分 类 号：S851.3[农业科学—预防兽医学]