对话式叙事中的逻各斯悖论:《洼地》的帝国反思  

Conversational Narrative Structure: Paradoxes of Waterland in the Conception of Logos

作　　者：梁晓晖 Liang Xiaohui(School of Foreign Languages,University of Science and Technology,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学外国语学院,北京100083

出　　处：《外国文学》2021年第2期34-45,共12页Foreign Literature

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“英国编史元小说的可能世界研究”(16BWW010);北京科技大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目“跨学科视域下外国语言文学前沿专题研究”(FRF-BR-19-007B)。

摘　　要：英国当代作家斯威夫特的《洼地》,因包含大量有关历史真伪的探讨,被奉为宣扬历史相对主义的编史元小说经典。但历史相对主义只是人物汤姆的一时观念,是作者通过叙述者/人物以对话式叙事结构反复论证并予以否定的。汤姆作为业已衰落的前帝国知识分子代表,探讨的问题都指向作为西方思想源头的希腊哲学中有关逻各斯的观念,包括是否存在上帝这一共相,历史殊相背后是否存在可被认知的真实,后现代思潮下人类以何为精神寄托等。作家对这些问题的探讨折射出当今西方思想中的逻各斯悖论。作品也暴露出,作为前帝国国民,作家在进行自我批判时无法将第三世界他者纳入西方主体考量视野的思维局限。Graham Swift’s Waterland is generally acclaimed as a masterpiece of postmodern historiographic metafiction to advocate historical relativism for its abundant discussions over the truthfulness of historical reports. However, it could be found that historical relativism is a negated conception held only by the character Tom. On the other hand, Tom, a British scholar as the narrator, by way of a conversational narrative structure, poses questions concerning the notion of Logos, a notion originated in Greek philosophy as one of the sources of Western thought. He meditates on whether God as Logos exists, whether the real truth can be detected from individual historical reports, and what can function as human beings’ spiritual sustenance in the postmodern world. The author’s inquiry represents a series of paradoxes connected with the notion of Logos in contemporary Western thought. Meanwhile, it could be found that the author, as a citizen of Britain the former suzerain of the British Empire, fails to render a more comprehensive and revisionist refection by ignoring the Third World conventionally taken as the Other of the Empire.

关 键 词：《洼地》 编史元小说 英帝国 逻各斯 可能世界叙事 

分 类 号：I561[文学—其他各国文学]