秸秆覆盖对粉垄蔗田土壤有机碳及CO_(2)排放的影响  

Effects of smash ridging on soil organic carbon and CO_(2) emissions in straw mulching sugarcane field

作　　者：陈仕林 蒙炎成[2] 胡钧铭[2] 俞月凤[2] 李婷婷[2] 张俊辉[2] 陈渊[3] 韦本辉[3] 韦翔华[1] CHEN Shi-lin;MENG Yan-cheng;HU Jun-ming;YU Yue-feng;LI Ting-ting;ZHANG Jun-hui;CHEN Yuan;WEI Ben-hui;WEI Xiang-hua(College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Agricultural Resource and Environment Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;Cash Crop Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,南宁530004 [2]广西农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南宁530007 [3]广西农业科学院经济作物研究所,南宁530007

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2021年第2期307-316,共10页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广西“新世纪十百千人才工程”专项资金项目(2018221);广西创新驱动重大专项(桂科AA17204037-3);广西农业科学院创新团队项目(桂农科2018YT08,桂农科2021YT040)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究免耕保护性耕作下秸秆覆盖对蔗田土壤有机碳与CO_(2)排放的影响,为旱地蔗田土壤有机碳库调控管理提供科学依据。【方法】2018—2019年以秸秆覆盖第2年宿根蔗田为研究对象,设粉垄免耕宿根蔗秸秆覆盖(SR1)、粉垄免耕宿根蔗无秸秆覆盖(SR2)、常规免耕宿根蔗秸秆覆盖(CT1)和常规免耕宿根蔗无秸秆覆盖(CT2)4种处理,在甘蔗分蘖期、伸长期和成熟期采集0~15和15~30 cm土层土壤样品,分析土壤总有机碳、土壤易氧化有机碳、土壤微生物量碳及CO_(2)排放通量,并计算蔗田土壤碳库管理指数(CPMI)。【结果】秸秆覆盖提高了免耕蔗田土壤总有机碳含量,甘蔗收获后0~15和15~30 cm土层土壤总有机碳含量SR1处理较SR2处理分别提高33.60%和22.08%,CT1处理较CT2处理分别提高18.13%和42.22%。秸秆覆盖增加了免耕蔗田土壤易氧化有机碳含量,甘蔗收获后SR1处理0~15和15~30 cm土层土壤易氧化有机碳含量较SR2处理分别提高11.86%和37.78%,CT1处理较CT2处理分别提高54.84%和31.03%。秸秆覆盖提高了粉垄免耕蔗田土壤微生物量碳含量,甘蔗收获后SR1处理0~15和15~30 cm土层土壤微生物量碳含量较SR2处理分别提高83.21%和126.43%。秸秆覆盖改变了免耕蔗田CO_(2)排放通量,SR1处理CO_(2)排放峰值较SR2处理提高26.26%,CT1处理较CT2处理提高79.18%。粉垄免耕提高了蔗田CO_(2)排放通量,粉垄免耕CO_(2)排放峰值是常规免耕的1.66~2.35倍。秸秆覆盖提高了蔗田土壤碳库管理指数,0~15和15~30 cm土层碳库管理指数SR1处理较SR2处理分别提高16.99%和55.90%,CT1处理较CT2处理分别提高29.50%和28.53%;秸秆覆盖下,粉垄免耕0~15和15~30 cm土层碳库管理指数较常规免耕分别提高67.58%和102.54%。【结论】秸秆覆盖提高了粉垄免耕蔗田土壤总有机碳、易氧化有机碳和微生物量碳及碳库管理指数。该模式可作为旱地蔗田土壤有机碳库调控的一种重要�【Objective】In order to study the effects of straw mulching under no-tillage conservation tillage on the characteristics of soil organic carbon and CO_(2) emissions in sugarcane fields,and provide scientific basis for the regulation and management of soil organic carbon pool in dryland sugarcane fields.【Method】From 2018 to 2019,the second year of continuous straw mulching was used as the research object of ratoon sugarcane fields,with smash ridging no-tillage ratoon sugarcane straw mulching(SR1),smash ridging no-tillage ratoon sugarcane straw mulching(SR2),and conventional no-tillage ratoon cane straw mulching(CT1)and conventional no-tillage ratoon cane without straw mulching(CT2)four treatments.Soil samples of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm soil layers were collected during the sugarcane tillering,elongation and maturity periods.Total organic carbon,easily oxidizable organic carbon,microbial biomass carbon and CO_(2) emission flux were analyzed,and the sugarcane soil carbon pool management index(CPMI)was calculated.【Result】Straw mulching increased the total organic carbon content of no-tillage sugarcane fields.After sugarcane harvest,the soil total organic carbon of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm soil layer was increased by 33.60%and 22.08%in SR1 treatment compared with SR2 treatment,respectively.Compared with CT2 treatment,soil layers of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm in CT1 treatment increased by 18.13%and 42.22%respectively.Straw mulching increased the oxidizable organic carbon content of the soil in no-tillage sugarcane fields.After sugarcane harvest,SR1 treatment increased the oxidizable organic carbon content of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm soil layers by 11.86%and 37.78%respectively compared with SR2 treatment.The content of oxidizable organic carbon in 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm soil layers in CT1 treatment increased by 54.84%and 31.03%respectively compared with CT2 treatment.Straw mulching increased the soil microbial biomass carbon content in smash ridging no-tillage sugarcane fields.After sugarcane harvest,SR1 treatment increased by

关 键 词：保护性耕作 免耕 秸秆覆盖 土壤有机碳库 蔗田 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学] S156.92