140 GHz/50kW回旋管的研制与测试  

Development and test of 140 GHz/50 kW Gyrotron

作　　者：马国武[1] 胡林林[1] 卓婷婷[1] 孙迪敏[1] 黄麒力 曾造金 蒋艺[1] MA Guo-Wu;HU Lin-Lin;ZHUO Ting-Ting;SUN Di-Min;HUANG Qi-Li;ZENG Zao-Jin;JIANG Yi(Institute of Applied Electronics,China Academy of Enginnering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《红外与毫米波学报》2021年第2期189-197,共9页Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1830201);中物院创新发展基金项目(CX2019038);中物院创新发展基金培育项目(PY2019130)。

摘　　要：回旋管在毫米波与太赫兹频段能够输出高峰值功率和高平均功率,具有重要的应用需求。本文基于回旋管束波互作用理论设计了一只140 GHz回旋管以用于磁约束聚变中电子回旋加热相关元件的测试和老炼,目标是实现最大输出功率不小于50 kW,具备脉冲工作及连续运行能力,且具有一定的频率和功率调节范围以适应测试的需求。根据设计结果开展了该回旋管的研制与测试,在阴极电压-37.2 kV,控制极电压-12.19 kV,阳极电压+11 kV,束流3.4 A,工作磁场约5.3T下获得最大脉冲输出功率56 kW,功率可通过工作电流和磁场进行调节,同样的调节手段还可以使频率获得约80 MHz的调节范围。重点对起振电流、功率曲线和频率曲线等进行了理论计算结果和实验结果的对比,二者获得了良好的一致。由于初步实验中观察到了大于50 kW连续波功率输出时窗片的过温现象,因此降低功率在20.3 kW开展了连续运行实验,结果表明在该功率下回旋管连续运行状态稳定,可以用于后续聚变元件测试和老炼工作的开展。Gyrotron can achieve high peak power and high average power output in millimeter wave and terahertz band,which has important application requirements.Based on the beam wave interaction theory of gyrotron,a 140GHz gyrotron is designed for test and aging process of the relevant elements of electron gyrotron heating in magnetic confinement fusion.The goal is to achieve a maximum output power of not less than 50KW which can operate in pulse and continuous mode,and a certain range of frequency and power adjustment to meet the needs of the test.According to the design results,the gyrotron is developed and tested.A maximum output power of 56 kW is achieved corresponding to the cathode voltage of-37.2 kV,the modulation anode voltage of-12.19 kV,the second anode voltage of+11 kV,the beam current of 3.4 A and the magnetic field of 5.3 T.The power can be adjusted by changing beam current and magnetic field.In the same way,the frequency can be adjusted within 80 MHz.The theoretical calculation results of starting current,power and frequency are compared with the experimental results,which are in good agreement.In the preliminary experiment,overheating of the window was observed with an output power of 52 kW for 30s’operation,so the continuous operation experiment was carried out with the power reduced to 20.3 kW,under this power level,the continuous operation state of the gyrotron is stable,which can be used for the subsequent work for test and aging of fusion elements.

关 键 词：回旋管 束波互作用 准光模式转换 

分 类 号：O46[理学—电子物理学]