饲料中蛋白质水平对澳洲淡水龙虾生长、肉质及免疫力的影响  

Effects of Dietary Protein Levels on Growth,Meat Quality and Immunity of Cherax Quadricarinatus

作　　者：张宝龙 曲木 赵子续 唐子鹏 侯树旺 翟胜利 ZHANG Baolong;QU Mu;ZHAO Zixu;TANG Zipeng;HOU Shuwang;ZHAI Shengli(Tianjin Chenhui Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin Enterprise Key Lab of the Functional Feed of Aquatic Animals,Tianjin 301800)

机构地区：[1]天津现代晨辉科技集团有限公司天津市水族动物功能性饲料企业重点实验室,天津301800

出　　处：《生物化工》2021年第2期40-46,共7页Biological Chemical Engineering

基　　金：天津市“131”创新型人才培养工程第一层次人才培养经费。

摘　　要：目的:研究饲料蛋白质水平的变化对澳洲淡水龙虾生长、肉质及免疫力的影响。方法:将澳洲淡水龙虾随机分为7组,每组3个平行,每个平行有70尾澳洲淡水龙虾,分别投喂蛋白水平为29.48%、30.50%、32.61%、34.64%、36.70%、38.75%、40.80%的配合饲料,试验周期为56 d,养殖试验结束后测定其生长、肉质及免疫相关指标。结果:饲料蛋白水平对澳洲淡水龙虾的生长性能有显著影响,其中34.64%饲料组澳洲淡水龙虾特定生长率、增重率、蛋白质效率最高,饲料饵料系数最低,并且全长、腹长及螯长也显著升高;随着蛋白水平的升高澳洲淡水龙虾的出肉率呈先上升后下降的趋势,在34.64%时获得最大值,而在同组饲料滴水损失率、水分含量最低,饲料蛋白水平对其蒸煮损失率无显著影响;本试验测定了SOD、CAT、MDA、T-AOC、GOT、GPT、ACP、GSH-PX、GSH-ST九个免疫相关指标,综合发现最优值均出现在34.64%蛋白组。结论:在本试验条件下,澳洲淡水龙虾饲料中最适蛋白水平为34.64%。Objective:Study the effects of different dietary protein levels on the growth,meat quality and immunity of Cherax Quadricarinatus.Method:Cherax quadricarinatus were randomly divided into 7 groups,3 parallel in each group,and each parallel had 70 Cherax quadricarinatus.The dietary protein levels were 29.48%,30.50%,32.61%,34.64%,36.70%,38.75%and 40.80%,the growth,meat quality and immune related indicators were determined after a 56 days feeding test.Results:The protein dietary level had a significant impact on the growth performance of Cherax quadricarinatus.The Cherax quadricarinatus fed with 34.64%protein level dietaty had the highest specific growth rate,weight gain rate,protein efficiency,and the lowest feed coefficient.The total length,abdomen length and claw length also increased significantly.With the increase of dietary protein level,the meat yield rate of Cherax quadricarinatus increased first and then decreased,reaching the maximum value at 34.64%.In the same group,the drip loss rate and water content were the lowest.The cooking loss rate had no significant difference between all groups.In this experiment,nine immune-related indicators,SOD,CAT,MDA,T-AOC,GOT,GPT,ACP,GSH-PX,and GSH-ST were measured,and it was found that the optimal values all appeared in the 34.64%protein group.Conclusion:In summary,under this experimental conditions,the optimal dietary protein level of Cherax quadricarinatus is 34.64%.

关 键 词：澳洲淡水龙虾 蛋白水平 生长 肉质 免疫力 

分 类 号：S963.71[农业科学—水产养殖]