哈尔乌素露天煤矿深孔爆破根底控制方法  

Control method of deep hole blasting root in Ha'erwusu Open-pit Coal Mine

作　　者：高富强 GAO Fuqiang(Ha'erwusu Open-pit Coal Mine,National Energy Group Zhunneng Group,Ordos 010300,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团准能集团公司哈尔乌素露天煤矿,内蒙古鄂尔多斯010300

出　　处：《露天采矿技术》2021年第2期77-80,84,共5页Opencast Mining Technology

摘　　要：为了提高哈尔乌素露天煤矿爆破质量,降低根底率,分析了哈尔乌素露天煤矿底部硬岩岩石台阶产生根底的原因,在充分考虑爆破效果关键影响因素的基础上,提出了基于炸药单耗、超深及排距的3因素2水平正交试验方案。现场实践结果表明:根底范围明显区域增加炸药单耗至0.4 kg/m^(3)、加大超深至3 m和降低排距至6.5 m能够有效起到降低根底率的效果;当炮孔内含水条件下尽量采用乳化炸药,避免在浅水孔下部加空气间隔后装铵油炸药,如遇浅水孔则宜采用下部乳化-空气间隔-上部铵油炸药,能保证下部足够超深和能量利用。In order to improve the blasting quality and reduce the root bottom ratio in Ha'erwusu Open-pit Coal Mine,this article analyzes the causes of the formation of the bottom hard rock steps in the Ha'erwusu Open-pit Coal Mine.On the basis of fully considering the key influencing factors of blasting effect,the article presents the orthogonal test scheme of 3 factors and 2 levels based on the explosive unit consumption,super depth and row spacing.The experimental results show that the range of the root base is in accordance with the field practice in the obvious area,increasing the explosive unit consumption to 0.4 kg/m^(3),increasing the ultra depth to 3 m and reducing the row spacing to 6.5 m can effectively reduce the root base ratio.The emulsion explosive should be used as far as possible when there is water in the blast hole.It is not necessary to install ANFO explosive after adding air interval in the lower part of the shallow water hole.In case of shallow water hole,the lower emulsified air interval upper ANFO explosive should be used,which can ensure the sufficient depth of the lower part and energy utilization.

关 键 词：深孔爆破 根底率 爆破质量 孔网参数 优化控制 

分 类 号：TD824.2[矿业工程—煤矿开采]