颅底创伤的手术治疗进展  

Progress of Surgical Treatment of Skull Base Trauma

作　　者：江昊政 孙兆良 姜秀峰 冯东福[1,2] JIANG Haozheng;SUN Zhaoliang;JIANG Xiufeng;FENG Dongfu(Department of Neurosurgery,South Hospital of the Sixth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 201400,China;Institute of Traumatic Medicine,Shanghai Jiao Tong university School of Medicine,Shanghai 201999,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院南院神经外科,上海201400 [2]上海交通大学医学院创伤医学研究所,上海201999

出　　处：《医学综述》2021年第8期1580-1584,共5页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(19411968200);上海市浦东新区卫生科技项目(PW2018D-09)。

摘　　要：颅底创伤不仅造成神经和血管损伤,还可引发脑脊液漏、颅内感染、组织移位等严重并发症,手术治疗具有一定困难。颅底创伤的临床表现多以颅底骨折、脑脊液漏为主,诊断多依赖影像学检查,手术治疗主要包括重建硬脑膜、恢复颅底骨性结构、防治脑脊液漏、治疗颅底血管损伤以及修复受损神经等。近年来,国内外临床医师对颅底创伤及相关并发症的手术治疗进行了不同的尝试和探索,但在手术方式选择及术后相关并发症处理等方面仍需进行深入研究。Skull base trauma not only causes nerve and blood vessel injury,but also may induce cerebrospinal fluid leakage,intracranial infection,tissue displacement and other serious complications,for which surgical treatment is difficult.The main clinical manifestations of skull base trauma are skull base fracture and cerebrospinal fluid leakage,and the diagnosis mostly depends on imaging examination.Surgical treatment mainly includes reconstruction of dura mater,recovery of skull base bony structure,prevention of cerebrospinal fluid leakage and treatment of skull base vascular and nerve injury.In recent years,domestic and foreign clinicians have made different attempts and explorations on the surgical treatment of skull base trauma and related complications.However,deeper research is still needed on the choice of surgical methods and the treatments of postoperative complications.

关 键 词：颅底创伤 手术治疗 硬脑膜重建 骨性重建 血管神经损伤 

分 类 号：R641[医药卫生—外科学]