惠州市大气PM_(2.5)中Cr、As、V污染特征与健康风险评价  

Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals in PM_(2.5) in Huizhou

作　　者：陈超 郭庶 李文胜[1] 刘勇 许建立 于平 仲少鑫 李良忠 孙家仁 谭海萍 CHEN Chao;GUO Shu;LI Wen-sheng;LIU Yong;XU Jian-li;YU Ping;ZHONG Shao-xin;LI Liang zhong;SUN Jia-ren;TAN Hai-ping(Huizhou Environmental Protection Monitoring Station,Huizhou,Guangdong 516007;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Asessent,South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510535;School of Public Health,Jinzhou Medical University,Jinzhou,Liaoning 121001,China)

机构地区：[1]惠州市环境保护监测站,广东惠州516007 [2]国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室,生态环境部华南环境科学研究所,广东广州510535 [3]锦州医科大学公共卫生学院,辽宁锦州121001

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2021年第2期243-247,共5页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1803401,2016YFC0206204);广东省自然科学基金(2015A030313002)。

摘　　要：目的对惠州市不同功能区大气进行现场采样和人群健康风险评价。方法通过ICP-MS测定PM2.5中的砷(As)、铬(Cr)、钒(V)等元素含量,并利用健康风险评价模型进行评估。结果惠州市大气PM2.5中金属元素在冬季总体浓度高于其他季节,其中Cr、As、V的致癌风险指数超过US EPA发布的1.0×10^(-6)。Cr的致癌风险指数范围在1.10×10^(-5)~1.06×10^(-3)之间,最高风险指数为冬季大亚湾的1.06×10^(-3),Cr在秋冬季的健康风险指数均达到了1.0×10^(-4),致癌风险较高。As的致癌风险指数范围在1.35×10^(-6)~6.41×10^(-5),虽然已超出了1.0×10^(-6),但是致癌风险较低。V的致癌风险指数范围在5.01×10^(-6)~7.59×10^(-4)之间,其中夏季的致癌风险指数较高,对人群健康具有一定的危害。结论相比其他重金属,惠州市大气环境中Cr、As、V的污染程度较高,长期暴露在这样的环境状态下,人群健康会受到一定损害。Objective To evaluate the health risk of heavy metals in PM2.5 in Huizhou city.Methods Cr,As and V in PM2.5 were detected by using ICP-MS,and health risk levels were evaluated using a health risk assessment model.Results The results showed that concentration of these heavy metals in winter were higher than those in other seasons.Cr,As and V carcinogenic risk index had exceeded the US EPA(2009)standard,1.0×10^(-6).The carcinogenic risk index of Cr ranged from 1.10×10^(-5)to 1.06×10^(-3),and the highest risk index was 1.06×10^(-3)in winter of Dayawan.The health risk index of Cr in autumn and winter reached 1.0×10^(-4),indicating a comparatively high carcinogenic risk.Carcinogenic risk index of As was between 1.35×10^(-6)and 6.41×10^(-5),indicating a relatively low risk of cancer.Carcinogenic risk index of V ranged from 5.01×10^(-6)to 7.59×10^(-4),and the risk index in summer was high,which was harmful to the health of the population.Conclusion Compared with other heavy metals,Cr,As and V were at high concentration in PM2.5 in Huzhou city;long-term exposure to such an environment could be risky to health.

关 键 词：环境工程学 PM_(2.5) 金属元素 

分 类 号：R122.7[医药卫生—环境卫生学]