海岛意外伤害病例流行特征及院前救治情况分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and pre-hospital treatment of accidental injuries in islands

作　　者：廖海东 颜雄 张乾通 Liao Haidong;Yan Xiong;Zhang Qiantong(Zhoushan Medical Emergency Command Center, Zhoushan 316000, China;Emergency Department, Zhoushan Hospital, Zhoushan 316000, China)

机构地区：[1]舟山市急救指挥中心办公室,浙江舟山316000 [2]舟山医院急诊科,浙江舟山316000

出　　处：《中国医院统计》2021年第2期108-111,共4页Chinese Journal of Hospital Statistics

基　　金：舟山市科技项目(2018C31120,2019C31121)。

摘　　要：目的调查舟山海岛新区意外伤害流行特征及院外救治情况,分析现场急救处置过程中可能存在的问题,为该类患者的救治提供参考。方法回顾性分析2019年1—12月由120救护车送往医院急诊科就诊的有完整院前急救记录的意外伤害病例资料,符合纳入标准的共941例,数据采用SPSS 17.0进行统计分析。结果舟山海岛新区意外伤害男性多于女性,比例为1.36∶1。年龄集中在30~50岁,文化水平集中在小学及以下。不同职业伤害时间分布:渔民伤害存在2—4月、9—11月两大高峰期,工地民工伤害主要以2—3月、7—9月为主,职员及学生伤害主要以1—2月、6—8月为主,专业技术人员、学龄前儿童、其他职业发病时间分布无明显高峰期。伤害类型排前3位的分别是跌伤/扭伤、交通伤、钝器伤,受伤部位以上肢及头部为主。工地民工与专业技术人员的交通伤发生率最高,其余职业均为跌伤/扭伤发生率最高。重伤和轻伤病程分别为(3.5±3.3)h和(1.7±1.6)h,重伤比轻伤的病程长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);伤害程度与病程时间成正比。予以现场急救处置者轻伤例数多于重伤,是否予以现场急救处置的轻重伤比例不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相关部门应加强各行业的监管及安全作业风险防范培训力度。医院制定有针对性的应急预案,提高院前急救的成功率。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of accidental injuries and the situation of out-of-hospital treatment in Zhoushan Island New District,and to analyze the possible problems in the process of first aid treatment on the spot.Methods Retrospective analysis was carried out on accidental injury data from January to December 2019 by 120 ambulances sent to the emergency department of the hospital with complete pre-hospital first aid records,941 cases met the inclusion criteria,and SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results Males were more injured accidentally than females in Zhoushan Island New District,with a rate of 1.36∶1.Age is concentrated in 30-50 years old,and education level is concentrated in primary school and below.The time distribution of different occupational injuries:there were two peak periods of fishermen injuries from February to April and from September to November;the injuries of migrant workers in construction sites were mainly from February to March and from July to September;the injuries of workers and students were mainly from January to February and from June to August;the incidence time distribution of professional and technical personnel,preschool children and other occupations had no obvious peak period.The top 3 injury types were fall/sprain,traffic injury and blunt-force trauma and the main injury sites were upper limbs and head.The incidence of traffic injury was the highest among the migrant workers in the construction site and the professional technicians,and the incidence of fall/sprain was the highest in the other occupations.The duration of serious injury and light injury were(3.5±3.3)h and(1.7±1.6)h respectively.The duration of serious injury was longer than that of light injury(P<0.05)and the degree of injury was proportional to the duration of the disease.There were more minor injuries among the patients treated with first aid on the spot than serious injuries,and there was significant difference between the patients treated with first aid on

关 键 词：海岛新区 渔民 工地民工 意外伤害 院前急救 急救普及 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学] R459.7[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]